abstract
/ˈæbstrækt/adjective
उच्चारण ऐब्स्ट्रैक्ट
अमूर्त, भाववाचक, विचारों पर आधारित
Core wordPYP · asked 10 times
Asked in previous papers
as antonym
+5 more
SSC CHSL Pre 2022SSC CHSL Pre 2019SSC MTS 2023SSC MTS 2022SSC Exams before 2018- 1
based on general ideas rather than on real things or events
अमूर्त, भाववाचक, विचारों पर आधारित
- Justice and beauty are abstract ideas.
- abstract reasoning
- Freedom is an abstract idea that is hard to define.
+ 2 more examples
- Children find abstract thinking difficult at a young age.
- Mathematics deals with abstract numbers and shapes.
Synonyms theoretical conceptual
- 2
(of art) using shapes and colours rather than showing real people or things
(कला) अमूर्त, आकृतिहीन
- an abstract painting
- The gallery displays abstract sculptures in the main hall.
- Radhika admired an abstract painting in the art gallery.
+ 2 more examples
- The artist has moved from realistic portraits to abstract work.
- An abstract design of circles and lines covered the wall.
Opposite realistic figurative
- 1
[C]
a short summary of a longer piece of writing, especially a research paper
सार, संक्षिप्त सारांश
- Read the abstract before the full paper.
- The journal asks authors to submit a short abstract with their paper.
- Write an abstract of about 150 words for your paper.
+ 2 more examples
- The abstract of the report appears on the first page.
- Scholars often read only the abstract to decide if a paper is useful.
- 1
[T] ~ sth (from sth) formal
to remove something from somewhere; to take out the main points
निकालना, अलग करना; सार निकालना
- Water is abstracted from the river for irrigation.
- Factories abstract water from the river for their machines.
- The tribunal abstracted the main arguments from the long report.
+ 2 more examples
- Large quantities of groundwater are abstracted every day for farming.
- The students abstracted key points from each chapter.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
abstract (adjective) + noun
Abstract describes ideas that cannot be touched, such as justice, love or beauty. The opposite is concrete.
'Abstract' उन विचारों का वर्णन करता है जिन्हें छुआ नहीं जा सकता, जैसे न्याय, प्रेम या सौंदर्य। इसका विपरीत concrete है।
- Honesty is an abstract idea.
- Abstract thinking is needed in higher mathematics.
abstract + art / painting
In art, abstract works use shapes and colours rather than real objects. The noun the abstract may also mean an abstract painting.
कला में abstract रचनाएँ वास्तविक वस्तुओं की जगह आकृतियों और रंगों का प्रयोग करती हैं। Noun 'the abstract' का अर्थ abstract चित्र भी हो सकता है।
- She bought an abstract painting for the hall.
- Husain's abstract style was admired abroad.
an abstract of / for (noun)
As a noun, an abstract is a short summary of a research paper or article, placed before the main text.
Noun के रूप में abstract किसी शोध-पत्र या लेख का संक्षिप्त सार है, जो मुख्य पाठ से पहले रखा जाता है।
- Read the abstract before the full paper.
- Radhika wrote an abstract of 150 words for her project.
abstract (noun) / abstract from (verb)
The abstract noun names a quality or idea, such as freedom. The verb abstract (from) is formal and means to take out or remove.
Abstract noun किसी गुण या विचार का नाम है, जैसे freedom। क्रिया abstract (from) formal है और इसका अर्थ निकालना या हटाना है।
- Courage is an abstract noun.
- The scientist abstracted the main idea from many studies.
+Collocations 4
abstract + noun
ideaconceptartnounthought
- Freedom is an abstract concept for a small child.
adverb + abstract
highlytoopurelyquitevery
- The lecture was too abstract for the class.
in the abstract
talk in the abstractthink in the abstractdiscuss in the abstractspeak in the abstractjudge in the abstract
- It is easy to talk about hard work in the abstract.
abstract + of / for
abstract of the paperabstract for the seminarabstract of the speechabstract of the bookabstract of the report
- Please submit an abstract for the conference by Monday.
“More examples 5
- An abstract noun names a feeling or a quality, not a physical thing.
Abstract noun किसी भावना या गुण का नाम बताता है, किसी भौतिक वस्तु का नहीं।
- The teacher gave a concrete example to explain an abstract law.
शिक्षक ने एक अमूर्त नियम को समझाने के लिए ठोस उदाहरण दिया।
- Radhika found the abstract painting hard to understand.
राधिका को वह अमूर्त चित्र समझना कठिन लगा।
- The professor read only the abstract of the paper before the meeting.
प्रोफ़ेसर ने बैठक से पहले शोध-पत्र का केवल सार पढ़ा।
- Justice is an abstract thing until you see it in a court.
न्याय तब तक एक अमूर्त वस्तु है जब तक आप उसे अदालत में नहीं देखते।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ Table is an abstract noun.
✓ A table is a concrete noun.
A table can be touched, so it is concrete. Abstract nouns name qualities or feelings, such as beauty.
मेज़ को छुआ जा सकता है, इसलिए वह concrete है। Abstract nouns गुणों या भावनाओं के नाम हैं, जैसे beauty।
✗ The abstract about the paper is on page one.
✓ The abstract of the paper is on page one.
An abstract belongs to a paper, so use of, not about.
Abstract किसी शोध-पत्र का होता है, इसलिए 'of' आता है, 'about' नहीं।
✗ He wrote abstact for his paper.
✓ He wrote an abstract for his paper.
Spelling and article trap: abstract has -str-, and a singular noun needs an article.
Spelling और article की गलती: abstract में -str- आता है, और एकवचन noun के साथ article चाहिए।
◇Word family
≈Synonyms and antonyms
§Grammar and usage
Abstract nouns name qualities and ideas (honesty, beauty); concrete nouns name things you can see or touch.
Abstract noun गुण और विचार का नाम है (honesty, beauty) और concrete noun उस चीज़ का जिसे देखा या छुआ जा सके।
Adjective and noun ABstract, verb abSTRACT.
Adjective और noun में stress पहले syllable पर और verb में दूसरे पर आता है।