adverb
/ˈædvɜːb/noun
उच्चारण ऐड्वर्ब
क्रिया-विशेषण
Basic word
- 1
[C] grammar
a word that adds more information about place, time, manner, cause or degree to a verb, an adjective, a phrase or another adverb, for example quickly, here and very
क्रिया-विशेषण
- 'Quickly' is an adverb.
- In 'She sings sweetly', the word 'sweetly' is an adverb.
- Many adverbs end in -ly, but not all of them do.
+ 1 more example
- An adverb can describe a verb, an adjective or another adverb.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
adverb modifying a verb
An adverb tells how, when, where or how often an action happens: quickly, now, here, always. It usually comes after the verb or object.
Adverb बताता है कि क्रिया कैसे, कब, कहाँ या कितनी बार होती है: quickly, now, here, always। यह प्रायः verb या object के बाद आता है।
- Radhika speaks softly.
- The train arrived late.
adverb modifying an adjective or adverb
An adverb of degree such as very, quite or too comes before an adjective or another adverb to change its strength.
'Very', 'quite' या 'too' जैसा degree का adverb adjective या दूसरे adverb से पहले आकर उसकी तीव्रता बदलता है।
- The soup is very hot.
- He answered quite quickly.
kinds of adverb
Grammar books name adverbs of manner, time, place, frequency, degree and reason. The kind depends on the question it answers.
व्याकरण की पुस्तकें adverbs को manner, time, place, frequency, degree और reason के प्रकारों में बाँटती हैं। प्रकार इस पर निर्भर है कि वह किस प्रश्न का उत्तर देता है।
- In He ran quickly, quickly is an adverb of manner.
adverb vs adjective forms
Many adverbs end in -ly, but some adverbs share the form of the adjective, such as fast, hard and late. Others, like friendly, are adjectives that end in -ly.
कई adverbs -ly पर समाप्त होते हैं, पर fast, hard और late जैसे कुछ adverbs का रूप adjective के समान होता है। Friendly जैसे कुछ शब्द -ly पर समाप्त होने वाले adjectives हैं।
- She works hard, and she is a hard worker.
+Collocations 4
type + adverb
mannertimeplacefrequencydegreesentence
- Always is an adverb of frequency.
verb + adverb
useformidentifyunderlineplacemodify with
- Underline the adverb in each sentence.
adverb + phrase / clause
adverb phraseadverb clauseadverb of reasonadverb particle
- In the morning is an adverb phrase of time.
adjective + adverb
correctsuitableweakstrongcommon
- Choose the suitable adverb to complete the sentence.
“More examples 5
- An adverb answers the questions How? When? Where? or How often?
Adverb प्रश्न 'कैसे?', 'कब?', 'कहाँ?' या 'कितनी बार?' का उत्तर देता है।
- Radhika's teacher asked her to underline every adverb in the paragraph.
राधिका के शिक्षक ने उससे अनुच्छेद का हर adverb रेखांकित करने को कहा।
- In She sang beautifully, the adverb beautifully describes the verb sang.
She sang beautifully में adverb beautifully, verb sang का वर्णन करता है।
- Too is an adverb of degree in the sentence The tea is too hot.
The tea is too hot वाक्य में 'too' degree का adverb है।
- Some words, like fast, can be both an adverb and an adjective.
Fast जैसे कुछ शब्द adverb और adjective दोनों हो सकते हैं।
!Common mistakes 2
✗ He drives very careful.
✓ He drives very carefully.
An adverb is needed to describe the verb drives.
Verb 'drives' का वर्णन करने के लिए adverb चाहिए।
✗ She worked hardly for the exam.
✓ She worked hard for the exam.
Hard is both adjective and adverb; hardly means almost not.
'Hard' adjective और adverb दोनों है; 'hardly' का अर्थ लगभग नहीं है।
◇Word family
§Grammar and usage
Types of adverbs include manner ('slowly', 'well'), place ('here', 'abroad'), time ('now', 'yesterday'), frequency ('always', 'often'), degree ('very', 'too', 'enough') and sentence adverbs ('fortunately', 'clearly'); many adverbs are formed by adding -ly to adjectives ('quick, quickly'), but 'good' becomes 'well' ('She sings well', not 'good'); some words are both adjective and adverb ('fast', 'hard', 'late'), and 'hardly' and 'lately' have different meanings ('hardly' means almost not; 'lately' means recently).
यह बहुत पूछा जाता है: adverbs के प्रकारों में manner ('slowly', 'well', रीतिवाचक), place ('here', 'abroad', स्थानवाचक), time ('now', 'yesterday', कालवाचक), frequency ('always', 'often', आवृत्तिवाचक), degree ('very', 'too', 'enough', परिमाणवाचक) और sentence adverbs ('fortunately', 'clearly') शामिल हैं; अनेक adverbs adjectives में -ly जोड़कर बनते हैं ('quick, quickly'), पर 'good' का 'well' बनता है ('She sings well', 'good' नहीं); कुछ शब्द adjective और adverb दोनों हैं ('fast', 'hard', 'late'), और 'hardly' और 'lately' के अर्थ भिन्न हैं ('hardly' का अर्थ लगभग नहीं; 'lately' का अर्थ हाल ही में)।
Position: adverbs of frequency go before the main verb ('I often read').
स्थिति में आवृत्ति-adverbs मुख्य verb से पहले आते हैं ('I often read')।