chalk
/tʃɔːk/noun
उच्चारण चॉक
खड़िया, चॉक
Basic wordPYP · asked 2 times
Asked in previous papers
as idiom, phrasal verb
- 1
[U, C]
a type of soft white stone; a small stick of a special type of soft white rock, used for writing and drawing
खड़िया, चॉक
- a piece of chalk
- The teacher drew a circle on the board with white chalk.
- The cliffs on the coast are made of white chalk.
+ 2 more examples
- The teacher ran out of chalk halfway through the lesson.
- Children drew a hopscotch grid on the pavement with coloured chalk.
- 1
[T] ~ sth up
to succeed in getting points in a game or a good result
(सफलता) दर्ज करना
- The team chalked up another win.
- The young bowler chalked up five wickets in his debut match.
- Mumbai chalked up its third victory in a row.
+ 2 more examples
- She chalked up a good score on her first attempt.
- The company chalked up record sales during Diwali.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 5
chalk (uncountable) / a piece of chalk
Chalk as a material is uncountable; to count it, say a piece or a stick of chalk.
सामग्री के रूप में 'chalk' uncountable है; गिनने के लिए 'a piece of chalk' या 'a stick of chalk' कहते हैं।
- The teacher wrote the sum with a piece of chalk.
- We need two boxes of chalk for the class.
write / draw + with chalk, in chalk
Use with for the tool and in for the medium or colour.
साधन के लिए 'with' और माध्यम या रंग के लिए 'in' का प्रयोग होता है।
- He drew a circle on the floor with chalk.
- The tutor wrote the answers in white chalk.
chalk up + sth (phrasal verb)
Chalk up means to score or achieve something, such as points, wins or a success.
'Chalk up' का अर्थ अंक, जीत या सफलता हासिल करना है।
- India chalked up a fine win against Australia.
chalk sth up to sth
This pattern means to explain something as being caused by the thing named.
इस संरचना का अर्थ किसी बात का कारण नाम लिए गए तथ्य को मानना है।
- Chalk the mistake up to nervousness and move on.
chalk and cheese
This idiom describes two people or things that are completely different.
यह मुहावरा दो ऐसे व्यक्तियों या वस्तुओं का वर्णन करता है जो बिल्कुल भिन्न हैं।
- The two sisters are like chalk and cheese.
+Collocations 4
adjective + chalk
whitecolouredsoftdustyFrench
- She used coloured chalk to draw a rangoli at the door.
chalk + noun
dustboardmarkpiecestick
- Chalk dust made the child sneeze.
verb + chalk
write withdraw withrub offpick upsharpen
- He picked up the chalk and began the lesson.
chalk + up
pointswinssuccessa recorda victory
- The young batsman chalked up his first century.
“More examples 5
- The village school had only one box of chalk for the whole term.
गाँव के स्कूल में पूरे सत्र के लिए चॉक का केवल एक डिब्बा था।
- The chalk marked the spot where the ball had landed.
चॉक के निशान ने वह जगह दिखाई जहाँ गेंद गिरी थी।
- Radhika chalked her name on the blackboard.
राधिका ने ब्लैकबोर्ड पर चॉक से अपना नाम लिखा।
- The cliffs along the coast are made of chalk.
तट के किनारे की चट्टानें खड़िया की बनी हैं।
- Our team chalked up three wins in a row at the inter-school meet.
हमारी टीम ने अंतर-विद्यालय प्रतियोगिता में लगातार तीन जीत दर्ज कीं।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ Give me two chalks.
✓ Give me two pieces of chalk.
Chalk is uncountable as a material, so count it with pieces or sticks.
सामग्री के रूप में 'chalk' uncountable है, इसलिए गिनने के लिए 'pieces' या 'sticks' लगाइए।
✗ The teacher wrote on the board by chalk.
✓ The teacher wrote on the board with chalk.
The tool used for writing takes with, not by.
लिखने के साधन के लिए 'with' आता है, 'by' नहीं।
✗ Please hand me the chalks box.
✓ Please hand me the chalk box.
A noun used before another noun stays singular.
जब कोई noun दूसरे noun से पहले आता है, तब वह singular रहता है।
¶Idioms 2
be (like) chalk and cheese / be as different as chalk and cheese
(British English) to be very different from each other
ज़मीन-आसमान का अंतर होना
- The twins are like chalk and cheese.
- Their teaching styles are as different as chalk and cheese.
chalk and talk
a traditional method of teaching using a blackboard and lectures
(ब्लैकबोर्ड और भाषण वाली) पारंपरिक शिक्षण पद्धति
- Many schools are moving away from chalk and talk.
- Chalk and talk still works well for some subjects.
→Phrasal verbs 2
chalk out
to plan something carefully or describe its main points in outline
रूपरेखा बनाना, योजना तैयार करना
- Radhika chalked out a study plan for the last two months before the exam.
- The committee has chalked out a strategy to reduce pollution.
chalk sth up
to achieve or record a success, points in a game, etc
(जीत, अंक आदि) हासिल करना, दर्ज करना
- The team chalked up their fifth win in a row.
≈Synonyms and antonyms
§Grammar and usage
Chalk, /tʃɔːk/, with a silent l (like talk, walk).
Chalk, /tʃɔːk/, silent l के साथ (talk, walk की तरह)।
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
As different as chalk and cheese (completely different).
Idiom बहुत पूछा जाता है: as different as chalk and cheese (पूरी तरह भिन्न, ज़मीन-आसमान का अंतर)।
Chalk up (achieve: 'chalk up a victory'), chalk out (plan something carefully: 'chalk out a strategy').
Phrasal verbs: chalk up (प्राप्त करना: 'chalk up a victory'), chalk out (सावधानी से योजना बनाना: 'chalk out a strategy')।
✓In the exam
General knowledge
Science GK: chalk is mainly calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), the same compound as limestone and marble.
विज्ञान GK में chalk मुख्यतः calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) है, वही यौगिक जो चूना पत्थर और संगमरमर में है।