circulate
/ˈsɜːkjəleɪt/verb
उच्चारण सर्क्यलेट
परिचालित होना, घूमना
Core wordPYP · asked 2 times
Asked in previous papers
as synonym
- 1
[I, T] ~ (sth)
when a liquid, gas or air circulates or when you circulate it, it moves continuously around a place or system
परिचालित होना, घूमना
- Blood circulates through the body.
- A ceiling fan helps circulate cool air around the room.
- Fans circulate warm air through the room in winter.
+ 2 more examples
- Exercise helps the blood circulate better.
- Water circulates through the pipes of the cooling system.
- 2
[I, T] ~ (sth)
if a story or an idea circulates or if somebody circulates it, it spreads or is passed from one person to another
(बात, सूचना) फैलना या फैलाना
- Rumours are circulating about the exam.
- The notice was circulated to all staff.
- A false message about the holiday began to circulate on social media.
+ 2 more examples
- The principal circulated a notice about the new timetable.
- Please circulate the minutes of the meeting to all members.
Synonyms spread go round pass around distribute disseminate
§Structures (grammar patterns) 5
circulate (intransitive)
When liquid, air or news moves around, it circulates, and no object follows.
जब तरल, हवा या ख़बर चारों ओर घूमती है, तब वह 'circulates' होती है, और उसके बाद object नहीं आता।
- Blood circulates through the body.
- A rumour began to circulate in the hostel.
circulate + sth (transitive) + to / among sb
To circulate something is to send it around to many people, with to or among the receivers.
किसी चीज़ को 'circulate' करने का अर्थ उसे कई लोगों तक भेजना है; पाने वालों के लिए 'to' या 'among' आता है।
- The school circulated the notice to all parents.
- She circulated the notes among her classmates.
circulate + around / through / in + place
Use around, through or in for the place or the system in which something circulates.
जिस स्थान या तंत्र में कोई चीज़ घूमती है, उसके लिए 'around', 'through' या 'in' आता है।
- Fresh air must circulate in the classroom.
circulate at a party / meeting
A person can circulate, meaning move from group to group to talk to different people.
व्यक्ति भी 'circulate' कर सकता है, अर्थात् अलग-अलग समूहों में जाकर कई लोगों से बात करना।
- The chief guest circulated among the guests after the function.
be in circulation / put into circulation
The noun circulation also describes money, copies of a newspaper or books that are in use.
Noun 'circulation' उन नोटों, अख़बार की प्रतियों या पुस्तकों के लिए भी आता है जो प्रयोग में हैं।
- The new coins were put into circulation last week.
+Collocations 4
adverb + circulate
freelywidelyquicklyrapidlysecretly
- Fake news circulates widely on social media.
circulate + noun
a petitiona lettera noticea rumoura draft
- The union circulated a petition among the staff.
noun + circulate
bloodairrumoursmoneystories
- Rumours circulate fast in a small town.
circulate + preposition
round the roomthrough the veinsamong friendsto all members
- The tray of sweets circulated round the room.
“More examples 5
- The cool breeze from the fan helped air circulate in the room.
पंखे की ठंडी हवा से कमरे में हवा का संचार हुआ।
- The exam board circulated the revised syllabus to all colleges.
परीक्षा बोर्ड ने संशोधित पाठ्यक्रम सभी कॉलेजों को भेज दिया।
- A strange story about a haunted well began to circulate in the village.
भूतिया कुएँ की एक अजीब कहानी गाँव में फैलने लगी।
- The doctor said exercise helps blood to circulate better.
डॉक्टर ने कहा कि व्यायाम से रक्त का परिसंचरण बेहतर होता है।
- Radhika circulated the question paper among the invigilators.
राधिका ने प्रश्न-पत्र निरीक्षकों में बाँट दिया।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ The notice was circulated among to all the students.
✓ The notice was circulated to all the students.
Use one preposition, to or among, not both together.
'To' या 'among' में से केवल एक preposition का प्रयोग करें, दोनों साथ नहीं।
✗ The blood circulates in the body by the heart.
✓ The heart circulates blood through the body.
Circulate through is used for movement around a system; the heart is the doer, so it is the subject.
किसी तंत्र में घूमने के लिए 'circulate through' आता है; यहाँ heart कर्ता है, इसलिए वही subject बनता है।
✗ The rumour was circulating since last week.
✓ The rumour has been circulating since last week.
Since needs the present perfect continuous, not the past continuous.
'Since' के साथ present perfect continuous आता है, past continuous नहीं।
◇Word family
≈Synonyms and antonyms
AaSpelling
cir·cu·late
With -cu- (not 'circulat' or 'circilate').
बीच में -cu- ('circulat' या 'circilate' गलत है)।
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
Circulate a notice, in circulation (of money or a book).
Collocations: circulate a notice, in circulation (पैसे या किताब का)।
✓In the exam
One-word substitution
A letter or notice sent to many people is a circular; the number of copies of a newspaper sold its circulation.
बहुत लोगों को भेजा गया पत्र या सूचना circular (परिपत्र); अख़बार की बिकी प्रतियों की संख्या circulation।
General knowledge
Science: William Harvey described the circulation of blood (1628); the heart pumps blood through arteries and it returns through veins.
विज्ञान में William Harvey ने रक्त परिसंचरण का वर्णन किया (1628); हृदय धमनियों से रक्त पंप करता है और यह शिराओं से लौटता है।