coal
/kəʊl/noun
उच्चारण कोल
कोयला
Basic wordPYP · asked 1 time
Asked in previous papers
as idiom
- 1
[U, C]
a hard black mineral that is found below the ground and burnt to produce heat; a piece of coal, especially one that is burning
कोयला
- coal mines
- hot coals
- Trains once ran on coal.
+ 2 more examples
- India has large reserves of coal in Jharkhand.
- The blacksmith heated the iron in glowing coals.
Synonyms charcoal anthracite lignite fuel embers
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
coal (uncountable noun)
Coal is a mass noun for the fuel. It takes a singular verb: coal is mined in Jharkhand.
Coal ईंधन के लिए mass noun है। इसके साथ singular verb आता है: coal is mined in Jharkhand।
- Coal is mined in Jharkhand.
- Much of India's electricity comes from coal.
coal + noun
Coal works as a modifier and stays singular: coal mine, coal reserves, coal-fired power station.
'Coal' modifier की तरह आता है और singular रहता है: coal mine, coal reserves, coal-fired power station।
- India has large coal reserves.
- A coal mine collapsed near Dhanbad.
coals (countable plural)
Coals means the separate burning pieces: hot coals, live coals. In this sense the plural is used.
'Coals' जलते हुए अलग-अलग टुकड़ों को कहते हैं: hot coals, live coals। इस अर्थ में plural आता है।
- The cook placed hot coals under the pot.
- The child walked carefully around the glowing coals.
carry coals to Newcastle
This idiom means to supply something to a place that already has plenty. It is a proverb-like phrase.
इस मुहावरे का अर्थ ऐसी जगह कुछ पहुँचाना है जहाँ वह पहले से बहुत है।
- Selling tea in Assam is like carrying coals to Newcastle.
+Collocations 4
adjective + coal
hardblackrawimportedbrownburning
- India imports some coal for its power plants.
verb + coal
mineburndigsupplyimportload
- Trains carry coal from the mines to the power plants.
coal + noun
mineminerfielddusttarfire
- The coal miner worked underground.
noun + coal
charcoalpowerwoodsteamthermal
- Thermal power stations burn coal.
“More examples 7
- The old train ran on coal.
पुरानी रेलगाड़ी कोयले से चलती थी।
- Coal is formed from plants buried for millions of years.
कोयला लाखों वर्षों तक दबे रहे पौधों से बनता है।
- Radhika's grandfather worked in a coal mine in Jharkhand.
राधिका के दादा झारखंड की एक कोयला खान में काम करते थे।
- The blacksmith heated the iron on red-hot coals.
लोहार ने लोहे को लाल-गरम कोयले पर गरम किया।
- Coal prices rose after the shortage.
कमी के बाद कोयले के दाम बढ़ गए।
- Villagers once cooked on coal stoves.
गाँव के लोग कभी कोयले के चूल्हों पर खाना पकाते थे।
- The train slowly pulled a long line of wagons loaded with coal.
रेलगाड़ी कोयले से लदे डिब्बों की लंबी कतार को धीरे-धीरे खींच रही थी।
!Common mistakes 2
✗ India has large coals reserve.
✓ India has large coal reserves.
Coal as a modifier is singular, and the noun reserves takes the plural.
Modifier के रूप में 'coal' singular रहता है, और 'reserves' plural होता है।
✗ Coal are mined in Jharkhand.
✓ Coal is mined in Jharkhand.
Coal is uncountable, so it takes a singular verb.
Coal uncountable है, इसलिए इसके साथ singular verb आता है।
¶Idioms 3
carry coals to Newcastle
to take goods to a place where there are already plenty of them; to supply sth where it is not needed
ऐसी जगह कुछ ले जाना जहाँ पहले से बहुतायत में हो, उल्टे बाँस बरेली को
- Selling tea in Darjeeling is like carrying coals to Newcastle.
- Teaching grammar to an English professor would be carrying coals to Newcastle.
haul sb over the coals
to criticize sb severely because they have done sth wrong
(ग़लती के लिए किसी को) कड़ी फटकार लगाना
- The manager hauled him over the coals for losing the order.
- I was hauled over the coals for coming home late.
heap coals of fire on sb's head
to make somebody who has treated you badly feel ashamed by being kind to them
बुराई का बदला भलाई से देकर शर्मिंदा करना
- By helping the man who had cheated her, Radhika heaped coals of fire on his head.
- He returned their rudeness with kindness, heaping coals of fire on their heads.
≈Synonyms and antonyms
Synonyms
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
Carry coals to Newcastle (take something to a place where there is already plenty of it; Newcastle was a coal-mining town), haul sb over the coals (criticize somebody severely), heap coals of fire on sb's head (be kind to somebody who has been unkind to you).
Idioms बहुत पूछे जाते हैं: carry coals to Newcastle (ऐसी जगह कुछ ले जाना जहाँ वह पहले से भरपूर हो; Newcastle कोयला-खनन नगर था, उल्टे बाँस बरेली को), haul sb over the coals (किसी की कड़ी आलोचना करना), heap coals of fire on sb's head (बुरा व्यवहार करने वाले से अच्छा व्यवहार करना)।
✓In the exam
General knowledge
Jharkhand has the largest coal reserves in India; Jharia is a major coalfield; Raniganj (West Bengal) is India's oldest coalfield; Coal India Ltd is the largest coal producer; types of coal by quality: anthracite (best), bituminous, lignite (brown coal, found in Neyveli, Tamil Nadu) and peat.
अक्सर पूछा जाता है: झारखंड में भारत का सबसे बड़ा कोयला भंडार है; झरिया प्रमुख कोयला क्षेत्र है; रानीगंज (पश्चिम बंगाल) भारत का सबसे पुराना कोयला क्षेत्र है; Coal India Ltd सबसे बड़ा कोयला उत्पादक है; गुणवत्ता के अनुसार कोयले के प्रकार: anthracite (सर्वोत्तम), bituminous, lignite (भूरा कोयला, नेवेली, तमिलनाडु में) और peat।