iron
/ˈaɪən/noun
उच्चारण आयन
लोहा; इस्त्री
Basic wordPYP · asked 4 times
Asked in previous papers
as idiom, phrasal verb
- 1
[U, C]
a chemical element (symbol Fe); a hard strong metal that is used to make steel; a piece of electrical equipment with a flat metal base that you heat and use to make clothes smooth
लोहा; इस्त्री
- an iron gate
- an electric iron
- The gate was made of heavy iron.
+ 4 more examples
- Spinach is a good source of iron.
- The tools were hammered from red-hot iron.
- Press the shirt with a hot iron.
- A cast-iron pan lasts for generations.
- 1
[T, I]
to make clothes smooth using an iron
इस्त्री करना
- Iron your shirt.
- She ironed her uniform before leaving for school.
- Meera ironed her saree before the wedding.
+ 3 more examples
- He irons his own shirts every Sunday evening.
- Don't iron silk at a high temperature.
- I need to iron these trousers before the interview.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
iron (uncountable: metal)
As the metal or the mineral, 'iron' is uncountable. We say 'a piece of iron' or 'an iron rod'.
धातु या खनिज के रूप में 'iron' uncountable है। 'A piece of iron' या 'an iron rod' कहा जाता है।
- Iron rusts when it gets wet.
- India has large reserves of iron ore.
an iron (countable: appliance)
The clothes appliance is countable: an iron, two irons. It has a flat base that is heated.
कपड़ों वाला उपकरण countable है: an iron, two irons। इसका आधार चपटा होता है जिसे गरम किया जाता है।
- Switch off the iron before you leave.
- We bought a steam iron.
iron + clothes (verb: iron / ironed)
The verb 'iron' takes clothes as its object and is regular: iron, ironed, ironed.
Verb 'iron' के object में कपड़े आते हैं और यह regular है: iron, ironed, ironed।
- Radhika ironed her school uniform last night.
iron + noun (adjective: strong, strict)
Before a noun, 'iron' can mean very strong, firm or strict: an iron will, an iron grip, iron discipline.
Noun से पहले 'iron' का अर्थ बहुत मज़बूत, दृढ़ या कठोर हो सकता है: an iron will, an iron grip, iron discipline।
- She has an iron will and never gives up.
+Collocations 4
iron + noun
orebarrodgateagepillar
- The Iron Pillar of Delhi has not rusted for centuries.
verb + iron
useheatsmeltforgerustbend
- The blacksmith heated the iron and shaped it into a plough.
adjective + iron
castwroughtscrappureheatedhot
- Wrought iron was used to make the old railway gate.
iron + out / clothes
outshirtssareescreaseswrinkles
- Please iron out the creases in the curtains.
“More examples 5
- The Iron Age followed the Bronze Age in human history.
मानव इतिहास में लौह युग कांस्य युग के बाद आया।
- Spinach is rich in iron and good for the blood.
पालक में लोहा भरपूर होता है और वह रक्त के लिए अच्छा है।
- She ironed the shirt before the interview.
उसने साक्षात्कार से पहले कमीज़ पर इस्त्री की।
- The iron gate of the school creaks every morning.
विद्यालय का लोहे का गेट हर सुबह चरमराता है।
- Sardar Patel was known as the Iron Man of India.
सरदार पटेल भारत के लौह पुरुष कहे जाते थे।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ He bought two iron for the shop.
✓ He bought two irons for the shop.
When 'iron' means the clothes appliance, it is countable and takes -s in the plural.
कपड़े वाले उपकरण के अर्थ में 'iron' countable है और plural में -s लेता है।
✗ I irons my shirts every Sunday.
✓ I iron my shirts every Sunday.
With 'I' the present simple verb takes no -s.
'I' के साथ present simple में verb पर -s नहीं लगता।
✗ The Iron Pillar is made by pure iron.
✓ The Iron Pillar is made of pure iron.
When the material is still recognisable, use 'made of', not 'made by'.
जब सामग्री पहचानी जा सके, तब 'made of' आता है, 'made by' नहीं।
¶Idioms 5
strike while the iron is hot / strike when the iron is hot
to make use of an opportunity immediately
मौक़े का तुरंत लाभ उठाना, गरम लोहे पर चोट करना
- The offer is open only today, so strike while the iron is hot.
- She struck while the iron was hot and asked for a raise after her success.
have too many irons in the fire
to be involved in too many activities at the same time
एक साथ बहुत सारे कामों में उलझे रहना
- He has too many irons in the fire to do any job well.
- Don't keep too many irons in the fire before the exam.
an iron fist/hand in a velvet glove
a person who seems to be gentle but is in fact very strict
ऊपर से नरम, भीतर से सख़्त व्यक्ति
- The principal rules with an iron fist in a velvet glove.
- Her gentle smile hides an iron hand in a velvet glove.
pump iron
to do exercises in which you lift heavy weights in order to make your muscles stronger (informal)
(मांसपेशियाँ बनाने के लिए) भारी वज़न उठाना; कसरत करना (अनौपचारिक)
- He pumps iron at the gym every morning.
- She started pumping iron to get fit.
rule (sb/sth) with a rod of iron
to control a group of people very severely
(लोगों पर) बहुत सख़्ती से शासन करना
- The dictator ruled the country with a rod of iron.
- Grandfather ruled the family with a rod of iron.
→Phrasal verbs 1
iron out
to get rid of the problems, difficulties or differences that are affecting something; to remove the folds or creases from cloth by using an iron
(समस्याएँ, कठिनाइयाँ या मतभेद) सुलझाना, दूर करना; इस्त्री करके (कपड़े की) सिलवटें निकालना
- The two partners met to iron out their differences.
- There are still a few problems to iron out before the app is launched.
- Iron out the creases before you hang the shirt.
§Grammar and usage
Iron, /ˈaɪən/, with the r silent in British English.
Pronunciation: iron को /ˈaɪən/ बोला जाता है। British English में spelling का 'r' नहीं बोला जाता, इसलिए इसे 'आयरन' जैसा बोलते हैं, 'आइरन' या 'आयर्न' नहीं।
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
Strike while the iron is hot (act at the right moment while there is a good opportunity), iron out (solve small problems: 'iron out the differences'), have too many irons in the fire (be involved in too many activities), rule with an iron hand or fist (control strictly), Iron Lady (a strong woman leader).
Idioms बहुत पूछे जाते हैं: strike while the iron is hot (अच्छे अवसर पर सही समय पर काम करना, बहती गंगा में हाथ धोना), iron out (छोटी समस्याएँ सुलझाना: 'iron out the differences'), have too many irons in the fire (बहुत सारी गतिविधियों में उलझे होना), rule with an iron hand या fist (कड़ाई से नियंत्रण), Iron Lady (मज़बूत महिला नेता)।
✓In the exam
General knowledge
Science GK: iron's symbol is Fe (Latin ferrum); rusting of iron needs both oxygen and water; galvanization (zinc coating) prevents rust; lack of iron causes anaemia.
विज्ञान GK में लोहे का प्रतीक Fe है (Latin ferrum); लोहे में जंग लगने के लिए ऑक्सीजन और पानी दोनों चाहिए; जस्तीकरण (galvanization, जस्ते की परत) जंग रोकता है; लोहे की कमी से anaemia होता है।
Sardar Patel is called the 'Iron Man of India'.
सरदार पटेल को 'भारत का लौह पुरुष' कहा जाता है।