jointly
/ˈdʒɔɪntli/adverb
उच्चारण जॉइन्ट्ली
संयुक्त रूप से, मिलकर, साझा रूप से
Core word
- 1
together with one or more other people or organizations
संयुक्त रूप से, मिलकर, साझा रूप से
- The house is jointly owned by the two brothers.
- The festival is jointly organised by the state and the university.
- The two schools jointly organised the science fair.
+ 2 more examples
- The report was jointly written by three authors.
- The couple jointly own a small shop in Lucknow.
Synonyms together collectively mutually in partnership in common
Opposite individually separately singly alone
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
jointly + past participle
Jointly often comes before a participle, to show that two or more people share the action.
'Jointly' प्रायः past participle से पहले आता है, यह दिखाने के लिए कि दो या अधिक लोग कार्य साझा करते हैं।
- The house is jointly owned by the brothers.
- The report was jointly prepared by two teams.
verb + jointly
It can also follow a verb: work jointly, decide jointly, share jointly.
यह verb के बाद भी आ सकता है: work jointly, decide jointly।
- The two banks decided jointly to lower the rate.
jointly with sb
Use jointly with before the partner; compare with together with, which is more informal.
साझेदार के नाम से पहले 'jointly with' आता है; 'together with' अधिक अनौपचारिक है।
- The festival was organised jointly with the city council.
jointly and severally
In law, jointly and severally means that each person is responsible for the whole amount as well as together.
कानून में 'jointly and severally' का अर्थ है कि हर व्यक्ति पूरी राशि के लिए भी और सब मिलकर भी ज़िम्मेदार है।
- The partners are jointly and severally liable for the loan.
+Collocations 5
jointly + participle
ownedfundeddevelopedorganisedrun
- The library is jointly funded by the school and a trust.
verb + jointly
actdecideworkownapply
- The siblings applied jointly for the home loan.
jointly + with
jointly with the statejointly with the armyjointly with the council
- The campaign was launched jointly with the health department.
adverb + jointly
equallylegallyofficiallyformally
- They are legally and jointly responsible for the loan.
jointly + noun phrase
jointly responsiblejointly liablejointly accountablejointly held
- All the directors are jointly responsible for the decision.
“More examples 6
- The prize was awarded jointly to two students.
पुरस्कार दो विद्यार्थियों को संयुक्त रूप से दिया गया।
- The three friends jointly bought a small shop.
तीनों मित्रों ने मिलकर एक छोटी दुकान खरीदी।
- The film was jointly produced by an Indian and a French studio.
फ़िल्म का निर्माण एक भारतीय और एक फ़्रांसीसी स्टूडियो ने संयुक्त रूप से किया।
- The couple jointly manage the family business.
दंपति पारिवारिक व्यवसाय को मिलकर चलाते हैं।
- The decision was taken jointly by all members.
निर्णय सभी सदस्यों द्वारा साझा रूप से लिया गया।
- The two villages jointly built a bridge over the stream.
दोनों गाँवों ने मिलकर नाले पर पुल बनाया।
!Common mistakes 2
✗ The two of them jointly together wrote the book.
✓ The two of them jointly wrote the book.
Jointly and together mean the same, so using both is redundant.
'Jointly' और 'together' का अर्थ एक है, इसलिए दोनों साथ लिखना अनावश्यक है।
✗ The shop is owned jointly from three brothers.
✓ The shop is owned jointly by three brothers.
The agent after a passive verb takes by.
Passive में कर्ता से पहले 'by' आता है।