affect
/əˈfekt/verb
उच्चारण अफ़ेक्ट
प्रभावित करना, असर डालना
Core word
- 1
[T] ~ sb/sth
to produce a change in somebody or something
प्रभावित करना, असर डालना
- The strike affected thousands of commuters.
- Lack of sleep affects your memory.
- Pollution can affect your health.
+ 2 more examples
- The change in the timetable will affect all students.
- Heavy rain affected travel across the state.
- 2
[T] ~ sth formal
to pretend to have a particular feeling or way of behaving
(किसी भाव का) दिखावा करना
- He affected an air of calm.
- She affected indifference, though she was quite nervous about the result.
- He affected a limp to avoid the match.
+ 2 more examples
- She affected a foreign accent to impress people.
- She affected surprise when they announced the party.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
affect + object (transitive)
Affect is a transitive verb: the thing influenced follows directly, with no preposition.
'Affect' सकर्मक क्रिया है; जिस पर प्रभाव पड़ता है वह सीधे उसके बाद आता है, बीच में कोई preposition नहीं आता।
- Heavy rain affected the train services.
- Stress can affect your health.
be affected by sth
In the passive, use by to name the cause of the change.
Passive में बदलाव के कारण को बताने के लिए 'by' का प्रयोग होता है।
- Many villages were affected by the flood.
affect vs effect
Affect is usually a verb meaning to influence, while effect is usually a noun meaning the result; the verb effect means to bring about.
'Affect' प्रायः क्रिया है जिसका अर्थ प्रभावित करना है, जबकि 'effect' प्रायः noun है जिसका अर्थ परिणाम है; क्रिया 'effect' का अर्थ कुछ घटित करना है।
- The new law will effect a change in tax rules.
- The medicine had no effect on the fever.
affect + noun (to pretend)
In its formal sense of pretending, affect is followed by a noun or an air of something.
दिखावा करने के औपचारिक अर्थ में 'affect' के बाद कोई noun या 'an air of' जैसा अभिव्यक्ति आती है।
- He affected deafness so that he would not have to answer.
+Collocations 4
adverb + affect
adverselyseriouslybadlydirectlydeeply
- Rising prices directly affect middle-class families.
affect + noun
healthperformanceresultpricemood
- Noise can affect your performance in the exam.
be + adjective + by
badly affected bydeeply affected byworst affected byunaffected by
- Odisha was the state worst affected by the cyclone.
affect + people
studentsfarmerscommutersmillions
- The strike affected thousands of commuters.
“More examples 5
- The cold weather has affected the wheat crop this year.
इस वर्ष ठंडे मौसम ने गेहूँ की फ़सल को प्रभावित किया है।
- Her father's illness affected her studies.
उसके पिता की बीमारी ने उसकी पढ़ाई को प्रभावित किया।
- The news of the defeat affected him deeply.
हार की खबर ने उसे गहराई से प्रभावित किया।
- The disease affects mainly children under five.
यह रोग मुख्यतः पाँच वर्ष से कम आयु के बच्चों को प्रभावित करता है।
- She affected a cheerful smile although she was very worried.
वह बहुत चिंतित थी, फिर भी उसने खुश होने की मुस्कान का दिखावा किया।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ The flood effected thousands of families.
✓ The flood affected thousands of families.
Effect (to bring about) is a different verb; to influence, use affect.
'Effect' (कुछ घटित करना) अलग क्रिया है; प्रभावित करने के लिए 'affect' लिखें।
✗ Pollution has a bad affect on health.
✓ Pollution has a bad effect on health.
After an article and adjective you need the noun effect, not the verb affect.
Article और adjective के बाद noun 'effect' चाहिए, क्रिया 'affect' नहीं।
✗ The strike affected on the traffic.
✓ The strike affected the traffic.
Affect is transitive and takes no preposition.
'Affect' सकर्मक है और उसके बाद preposition नहीं आता।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
These verbs all show that something has an influence, but the strength and kind of influence differ.
ये सभी क्रियाएँ किसी वस्तु के प्रभाव को बताती हैं, पर प्रभाव की मात्रा और प्रकृति में अंतर है।
To change or influence somebody or something, usually in a way you can notice.
किसी को बदलना या प्रभावित करना, प्रायः ऐसे ढंग से जो दिखाई दे।
- The heat affected the match.
To shape the way a person thinks or acts, often gradually.
किसी व्यक्ति के सोचने या करने के ढंग को धीरे-धीरे आकार देना।
- Her teacher influenced her choice of career.
A stronger word for a sharp or large effect, often used for policies and events.
तेज़ या बड़े असर के लिए अधिक सशक्त शब्द, प्रायः नीतियों और घटनाओं के लिए।
- The new tax impacted small traders badly.
?Which word?
affect or effect?
Affect is usually a verb: 'Noise affects sleep.' Effect is usually a noun: 'Noise has an effect on sleep.'
Affect सामान्यतः verb होता है, जिसका अर्थ 'प्रभावित करना' है। Effect सामान्यतः noun होता है, जिसका अर्थ 'प्रभाव' है। इसलिए 'to affect something' और 'to have an effect on something' सही प्रयोग हैं।
§Grammar and usage
'effect' wrongly used as a verb.
Effect को गलत तरीके से verb की जगह लगाया जाता है।
✓In the exam
Notes
Remember affect = verb, effect = noun.
याद रखिए affect verb है और effect noun।