border
/ˈbɔːdə(r)/noun
उच्चारण बॉर्डर
सीमा, सरहद; किनारा
Basic word
- 1
[C]
the line that divides two countries or areas; the land near this line; a strip around the edge of something
सीमा, सरहद; किनारा
- the India-Nepal border
- a sari with a golden border
- Soldiers guard the border day and night.
+ 3 more examples
- There is a heavy security check at the border.
- The tablecloth has a blue border with tiny flowers.
- A river forms the border between the two states.
- 1
[T, I]
to share a border with another country or area; to form a line along or around the edge of something; (border on sth) to come very close to being something
सीमा पर होना; के निकट होना
- India borders Nepal.
- His behaviour borders on rudeness.
- Pakistan and Bangladesh both border India.
+ 3 more examples
- Tall trees border the road on both sides.
- Her confidence sometimes borders on arrogance.
- The garden is bordered with roses.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 5
border between A and B
Use 'between' when naming the two countries or areas that the line separates.
जब रेखा से अलग होने वाले दो देशों या क्षेत्रों के नाम दिए जाएँ, तब 'between' का प्रयोग होता है।
- The border between India and Nepal is open for citizens.
- Heavy rain closed the border between the two states.
cross / reach the border; at / on the border
We cross a border but are 'at' or 'on' it; the preposition changes the meaning of location.
सीमा को 'cross' करते हैं, पर उस पर 'at' या 'on' होते हैं; preposition स्थान का अर्थ बदलता है।
- The soldiers were stationed at the border.
- The train crosses the border at midnight.
border + noun
Used as a modifier: border town, border dispute, border security.
Modifier के रूप में: border town, border dispute, border security।
- The border dispute lasted for years.
border (verb) + noun / border on
As a transitive verb it means to share a boundary with; 'border on' means to come very close to a quality.
Transitive verb के रूप में इसका अर्थ सीमा साझा करना है; 'border on' का अर्थ किसी गुण के बहुत निकट होना है।
- India borders Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh.
- His confidence borders on arrogance.
a border of flowers (edge)
A border is also a decorative strip around the edge of a garden, page, saree or cloth.
'Border' बगीचे, पृष्ठ, साड़ी या कपड़े के किनारे की सजावटी पट्टी भी होती है।
- The saree had a golden border.
+Collocations 5
adjective + border
internationalporousdisputedopenlongheavily guarded
- The porous border makes smuggling hard to stop.
verb + border
crosssealpatrolclosereachguard
- The army patrols the border day and night.
border + noun
towncrossingdisputeguardareapost
- Many families live in the border area.
noun + border
state bordercountry borderpage bordergarden border
- Draw a neat border around the page.
border on
insanityarrogancerudenessthe ridiculoustears
- Her anger bordered on rudeness.
“More examples 5
- Pilgrims must show their documents at the border.
तीर्थयात्रियों को सीमा पर अपने दस्तावेज़ दिखाने होंगे।
- Rajasthan borders Pakistan on its western side.
राजस्थान की पश्चिमी ओर पाकिस्तान की सीमा लगती है।
- Radhika planted marigolds along the border of the lawn.
राधिका ने लॉन के किनारे गेंदे के पौधे लगाए।
- The invitation card has a red and gold border.
निमंत्रण कार्ड पर लाल और सुनहरा किनारा है।
- His joy bordered on madness when the result came.
परिणाम आने पर उसकी खुशी पागलपन की हद तक पहुँच गई।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ India is bordered with Nepal.
✓ India is bordered by Nepal.
The passive of border takes 'by' for the neighbouring country.
Border के passive में पड़ोसी देश के लिए 'by' आता है।
✗ India borders with Bhutan.
✓ India borders Bhutan.
As a verb, border takes a direct object without a preposition.
Verb के रूप में 'border' का सीधा object आता है, preposition नहीं।
✗ His behaviour borders to insult.
✓ His behaviour borders on insult.
The correct phrasal verb is 'border on'.
सही phrasal verb 'border on' है।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
Border, boundary, frontier and margin all mark an edge, but each is used in a different setting.
Border, boundary, frontier और margin सभी किनारा बताते हैं, पर प्रत्येक का प्रयोग अलग संदर्भ में होता है।
The official line between countries or states, also a decorative edge.
देशों या राज्यों के बीच की आधिकारिक रेखा, साथ ही सजावटी किनारा।
- The border was closed overnight.
Any line marking the limit of an area, such as a field, a city or a cricket ground.
किसी क्षेत्र की सीमा दिखाने वाली कोई भी रेखा, जैसे खेत, शहर या क्रिकेट मैदान।
- He hit the ball over the boundary.
The border zone of a country; also the limit of knowledge.
देश का सीमावर्ती क्षेत्र; ज्ञान की सीमा के लिए भी।
- Scientists work at the frontier of medicine.
The blank edge of a page or a small difference in numbers.
पृष्ठ का खाली किनारा या संख्याओं में छोटा अंतर।
- She won by a narrow margin.
→Phrasal verbs 1
border on sth
to come close to being sth, especially a strong or unpleasant quality
लगभग … होना, …की हद को छूना
- His confidence borders on arrogance.
- Her love of cleanliness borders on obsession.
◇Word family
≈Synonyms and antonyms
?Which word?
Keep the boundary words: border (between countries), boundary (the line that marks the limits of an area), frontier (a border between countries; also the limit of knowledge: 'the frontiers of science'), margin, edge.
सीमा के शब्द याद रखिए: border (देशों के बीच), boundary (क्षेत्र की सीमा दर्शाने वाली रेखा), frontier (देशों के बीच सीमा; ज्ञान की सीमा भी: 'the frontiers of science'), margin, edge।
§Grammar and usage
The adjective borderline means uncertain, between two categories ('a borderline case').
Adjective borderline का अर्थ अनिश्चित, दो श्रेणियों के बीच है ('a borderline case')।
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
Border on sth (be almost: 'This borders on madness').
Phrasal verb बहुत पूछा जाता है: border on sth (लगभग होना: 'This borders on madness')।
✓In the exam
General knowledge
The Radcliffe Line divides India and Pakistan (1947); the McMahon Line divides India and China (in the east); the Durand Line divides Pakistan and Afghanistan; the LoC is the Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir; the BSF (Border Security Force) guards India's borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh.
रेडक्लिफ़ रेखा भारत और पाकिस्तान को बाँटती है (1947); मैकमोहन रेखा भारत और चीन को बाँटती है (पूर्व में); डूरंड रेखा पाकिस्तान और अफ़ग़ानिस्तान को बाँटती है; LoC जम्मू-कश्मीर में नियंत्रण रेखा है; BSF (सीमा सुरक्षा बल) पाकिस्तान और बांग्लादेश से भारत की सीमाओं की रक्षा करता है।