comma
/ˈkɒmə/noun
उच्चारण कॉम
अल्पविराम, कॉमा
Basic word
- 1
[C]
the mark (,) used to separate the items in a list or to show where there is a short pause in a sentence
अल्पविराम, कॉमा
- Put a comma after 'However' at the start of a sentence.
- She bought apples, mangoes, grapes and bananas.
- You need a comma between the two parts of this long sentence.
+ 2 more examples
- Many students leave out the comma after an introductory phrase.
- In Indian numbering, a comma is placed after the first three digits from the right.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
a comma after an introductory phrase
Put a comma after a word or phrase that begins a sentence and comes before the main clause.
वाक्य के आरंभ में आने वाले शब्द या phrase के बाद, मुख्य clause से पहले, comma लगाया जाता है।
- However, the exam was easy.
- After the lecture, we went to the library.
commas in a list
Use commas to separate three or more items; the comma before and is optional in British English.
तीन या अधिक वस्तुओं को अलग करने के लिए commas लगाए जाते हैं; British English में and से पहले का comma वैकल्पिक है।
- She bought rice, lentils, sugar and tea.
commas around extra information
A pair of commas encloses a non-defining phrase that can be taken out without spoiling the sentence.
Commas की जोड़ी ऐसे non-defining phrase को घेरती है जिसे हटाने पर वाक्य बिगड़ता नहीं।
- Radhika, who lives in Jaipur, won the prize.
comma before direct speech / a coordinating conjunction
Use a comma before a conjunction joining two full clauses and before a quotation.
दो पूर्ण clauses जोड़ने वाले conjunction से पहले और उद्धरण से पहले comma लगाया जाता है।
- He was tired, but he kept studying.
- She said, 'I will come.'
+Collocations 4
verb + comma
insertaddomitplaceput
- Insert a comma after the word 'yes'.
comma + noun
splicerulemistakepauseusage
- A comma splice is a common error in essays.
prepositions with comma
after a commabefore a commawithout a commabetween commas
- Do not put a full stop where a comma is needed.
type of comma
serialmissingextramisplaced
- A missing comma can change the meaning of a sentence.
“More examples 5
- The teacher marked every missing comma in red ink.
शिक्षक ने हर छूटे हुए comma को लाल स्याही से चिह्नित किया।
- A comma shows the reader where to pause.
Comma पाठक को बताता है कि कहाँ रुकना है।
- 'Let's eat, Grandma' is different from 'Let's eat Grandma' because of the comma.
'Let's eat, Grandma' और 'Let's eat Grandma' में अंतर comma के कारण है।
- Radhika forgot to put a comma after the greeting in her letter.
राधिका अपने पत्र में अभिवादन के बाद comma लगाना भूल गई।
- In numbers, a comma is used to separate thousands in some countries.
कुछ देशों में संख्याओं में हज़ारों को अलग करने के लिए comma का प्रयोग होता है।
!Common mistakes 2
✗ She is tired, she did not sleep well.
✓ She is tired because she did not sleep well.
Two full clauses cannot be joined by a comma alone.
दो पूर्ण clauses को केवल comma से नहीं जोड़ा जा सकता।
✗ I said that, I would come.
✓ I said that I would come.
Do not put a comma between the verb and its that-clause.
Verb और उसके that-clause के बीच comma नहीं लगाया जाता।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
Comma, semicolon and full stop mark different strengths of pause.
Comma, semicolon और full stop अलग-अलग मात्रा के विराम को दर्शाते हैं।
A longer pause between two closely linked clauses.
दो घनिष्ठ clauses के बीच लंबा विराम।
- He was late; he missed the bus.
§Grammar and usage
British and American: British English often calls quotation marks inverted commas.
British English में quotation marks को अक्सर inverted commas कहा जाता है।