cram
/kræm/verb
उच्चारण क्रैम
ठूँसना, कसकर भरना
Core word
- 1
[T] ~ sth into/onto sth | ~ sth in
to push or force somebody or something into a small space; to put a lot of things into something
ठूँसना, कसकर भरना
- She crammed her clothes into a small bag.
- He crammed the food into his mouth.
- He crammed his books into his schoolbag.
+ 2 more examples
- The family crammed as many things as they could into the car.
- Don't cram too much into one sentence.
- 2
[I] + adv./prep.
(of a lot of people) to go into a small space so that it is full
(भीड़ का) ठसाठस भर जाना
- Forty people crammed into the small hall.
- Commuters crammed into the last coach of the local train.
- The fans crammed into the stadium to watch the final.
+ 2 more examples
- We all crammed into the lift and the doors closed.
- Passengers crammed onto the bus at rush hour.
- 3
[I] ~ (for sth)
to learn a lot of things in a short time, in preparation for an exam
(परीक्षा के लिए) रटना, जल्दी-जल्दी याद करना
- She's cramming for her exams next week.
- Cramming the night before is not a good way to learn.
- Students often cram the night before an exam, but it rarely works.
+ 2 more examples
- He crammed all the dates before the history test.
- She had to cram a whole syllabus in a week.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
cram sth into + place
To push too much into a small space: cram clothes into a bag. The place follows into.
थोड़ी जगह में बहुत अधिक चीज़ें ठूँसना: cram clothes into a bag; जगह 'into' के बाद आती है।
- She crammed her books into a small bag.
- Fifty people were crammed into the bus.
cram sth with sth / be crammed with
To fill a place with a lot of things. The passive be crammed with is very common.
किसी जगह को बहुत-सी चीज़ों से भर देना; passive रूप 'be crammed with' बहुत आम है।
- The shelf was crammed with old magazines.
- The calendar is crammed with exams.
cram for + exam / cram (intransitive)
To learn a lot in a short time before an exam. For is used before the exam. It suggests last-minute, shallow study.
परीक्षा से पहले कम समय में बहुत कुछ याद करना; परीक्षा से पहले 'for' आता है। इससे अंतिम समय की सतही पढ़ाई का भाव आता है।
- Radhika crammed for the test the night before.
- Don't cram; revise a little every day.
cram + into / in + (people)
People can cram into a place: they cram into a lift or cram in. Here the subject is a crowd.
लोग भी किसी जगह में ठुँस सकते हैं: they cram into a lift या cram in; यहाँ कर्ता भीड़ होती है।
- Passengers crammed into the local train.
- We all crammed in somehow.
+Collocations 4
cram + object
clothesfactspeoplebooksdata
- He crammed clothes into a tiny suitcase.
adverb + cram
tightlydesperatelyhastilyall nighttogether
- The students crammed desperately before the SSC paper.
cram + preposition
cram intocram withcram forcram incram together
- Eight of us crammed together on the back seat.
be crammed with
detailscustomersstallstouristsevents
- The market lane was crammed with stalls.
“More examples 5
- He crammed a sandwich into his mouth and ran for the bus.
उसने मुँह में सैंडविच ठूँसा और बस के लिए दौड़ पड़ा।
- Cramming facts may help you pass but not understand.
तथ्य रट लेने से आप पास हो सकते हैं, पर समझ नहीं पाते।
- The small shop is crammed with books to the ceiling.
छोटी दुकान छत तक किताबों से ठसाठस भरी है।
- Radhika crammed vocabulary on the train to the exam centre.
राधिका ने परीक्षा केंद्र जाने वाली रेलगाड़ी में शब्दावली रटी।
- Cram too many things into one lesson and nobody learns.
एक पाठ में बहुत सारी बातें ठूँस दें तो कोई कुछ नहीं सीखता।
!Common mistakes 2
✗ She crammed all the night before the exam.
✓ She crammed all night before the exam.
Say all night, without the, for the whole night.
पूरी रात के लिए 'all night' कहते हैं, 'all the night' नहीं।
✗ Thirty students were crammed in the small room.
✓ Thirty students were crammed into the small room.
For the action of pushing in, cram takes into; in suggests a state.
ठूँसने की क्रिया के लिए cram के साथ 'into' आता है; 'in' स्थिति का भाव देता है।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
Cram, stuff and swot describe packing or hurried study with different shades.
Cram, stuff और swot ठूँसने या जल्दबाज़ी की पढ़ाई को अलग-अलग भाव से बताते हैं।
To fill tightly, or to study hard in a short time.
कसकर भरना, या कम समय में कड़ी पढ़ाई करना।
- He crammed for the exam.
To push things into something roughly, without care.
चीज़ों को बिना सावधानी के भीतर ठूँसना।
- She stuffed her socks into her bag.
British informal: to study very hard, for a longer period.
ब्रिटिश अनौपचारिक: लंबे समय तक बहुत कड़ी पढ़ाई करना।
- He swotted for months.
§Grammar and usage
Cram something into a place, and cram for an exam.
Cram something into a place और cram for an exam सही प्रयोग हैं।