deficiency
/dɪˈfɪʃnsi/noun
उच्चारण डिफ़िश्न्सी
कमी, अभाव, न्यूनता
Core wordPYP · asked 3 times
Asked in previous papers
as spelling
- 1
[U, C] ~ (in/of sth)
the state of not having, or not having enough of, something that is essential
कमी, अभाव, न्यूनता
- Vitamin D deficiency is common in city children.
- a deficiency of iron in the diet
- A deficiency of vitamin A can affect your eyes.
+ 2 more examples
- The doctor found an iron deficiency in her blood.
- Water deficiency is a problem in many villages.
Synonyms lack shortage insufficiency dearth want
Opposite sufficiency abundance surplus excess
- 2
[C, U]
a fault or a weakness in somebody or something
दोष, कमी, खामी
- the deficiencies of the old system
- The report pointed out serious deficiencies in the way the school handled complaints.
- The inspector listed the deficiencies in the building.
+ 2 more examples
- We must correct these deficiencies in the system.
- The report highlights deficiencies in teacher training.
Synonyms defect flaw weakness shortcoming failing
§Structures (grammar patterns) 3
deficiency of / in + noun
Use deficiency of or deficiency in for what is lacking; do not use from.
जिस चीज़ की कमी हो, उसके लिए 'deficiency of' या 'deficiency in' आता है; from नहीं।
- Anaemia is caused by a deficiency of iron.
- There is a deficiency in the way marks are added.
noun + deficiency
Put the lacking thing before deficiency, as in vitamin D deficiency, with no plural on the first noun.
जिस चीज़ की कमी हो उसे deficiency से पहले रखें, जैसे vitamin D deficiency; पहले noun में plural नहीं लगता।
- Vitamin A deficiency can harm eyesight.
- Many children suffer from protein deficiency.
countable use: a deficiency / deficiencies
When it means a fault, deficiency is countable.
जब इसका अर्थ दोष हो, तब 'deficiency' countable होता है।
- The audit found several deficiencies in the accounts.
+Collocations 4
noun + deficiency
ironvitamincalciumiodineprotein
- Iodine deficiency can cause a swollen thyroid.
adjective + deficiency
seriousseverementalnutritionalobvious
- The doctor noted a severe nutritional deficiency.
verb + deficiency
suffer frommake upcorrectshowreveal
- Supplements can make up the deficiency.
deficiency + disease / symptom
deficiency diseasedeficiency symptomsdeficiency syndromedeficiency test
- Scurvy is a deficiency disease caused by lack of vitamin C.
“More examples 6
- A deficiency of rainfall left the fields dry this year.
वर्षा की कमी से इस वर्ष खेत सूखे रहे।
- Radhika was told to eat more spinach to correct her iron deficiency.
राधिका को अपनी iron की कमी दूर करने के लिए अधिक पालक खाने को कहा गया।
- The report pointed out deficiencies in the hospital's safety system.
रिपोर्ट ने अस्पताल की सुरक्षा व्यवस्था की खामियों की ओर इशारा किया।
- The deficiency in his argument became clear under questioning.
पूछताछ में उसके तर्क की कमज़ोरी स्पष्ट हो गई।
- Government schemes try to reduce vitamin deficiency among schoolchildren.
सरकारी योजनाएँ स्कूली बच्चों में विटामिन की कमी घटाने का प्रयास करती हैं।
- The teacher noted a deficiency in Radhika's handwriting and suggested daily practice.
शिक्षक ने राधिका की लिखावट में कमी देखी और रोज़ अभ्यास का सुझाव दिया।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ There is many deficiency in the plan.
✓ There are many deficiencies in the plan.
Many needs a plural noun and a plural verb.
'Many' के साथ plural noun और plural verb आती है।
✗ The soil is deficiency in nitrogen.
✓ The soil is deficient in nitrogen.
After is, use the adjective deficient; deficiency is a noun.
'Is' के बाद adjective 'deficient' आता है; 'deficiency' noun है।
✗ Deficiency of vitamin C cause scurvy.
✓ Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy.
The subject is deficiency, which is singular, so the verb takes -s.
Subject 'deficiency' singular है, इसलिए verb में -s लगता है।
≈Synonyms and antonyms
AaSpelling
de·fi·cien·cy
With -ciency (not 'deficency' or 'defficiency'); the adjective deficient.
अंत में -ciency ('deficency' या 'defficiency' गलत है); adjective deficient।
?Which word?
Keep apart deficiency (lack of something needed), deficit (money shortfall) and defect (a fault).
Deficiency (ज़रूरी चीज़ की कमी), deficit (धन की कमी) और defect (दोष) को अलग रखिए।
✓In the exam
General knowledge
Science: deficiency diseases: scurvy (vitamin C), rickets (vitamin D), beriberi (vitamin B1), night blindness (vitamin A), anaemia (iron), goitre (iodine).
विज्ञान में deficiency diseases: scurvy (vitamin C), rickets (vitamin D), beriberi (vitamin B1), रतौंधी (vitamin A), anaemia (आयरन), घेंघा (आयोडीन)।