duty
/ˈdjuːti/noun
उच्चारण ड्यूटी
कर्तव्य, फ़र्ज़; ड्यूटी; शुल्क, कर
Basic word
- 1
[C, U]
something that you feel you have to do because it is your moral or legal responsibility; the tasks that are part of your job; a tax that you pay on things that you buy, especially those that you bring into a country
कर्तव्य, फ़र्ज़; ड्यूटी; शुल्क, कर
- a sense of duty
- on duty
- customs duty
+ 3 more examples
- It is every citizen's duty to vote.
- The doctor was on duty all night.
- Tourists must pay duty on expensive goods brought into the country.
Synonyms responsibility obligation task job tax
§Structures (grammar patterns) 5
duty to + infinitive / duty of + gerund
After duty you may use to + verb for the action required, or of + -ing in a more formal style: a duty to protect, the duty of protecting.
'Duty' के बाद आवश्यक कार्य के लिए to + verb आ सकता है, या अधिक औपचारिक शैली में of + -ing: a duty to protect, the duty of protecting।
- Every citizen has a duty to pay taxes.
- It is the teacher's duty of caring for the children.
on duty / off duty
On duty means at work and responsible at that moment; off duty means not working. There is no article.
'On duty' का अर्थ काम पर होना और उस समय ज़िम्मेदार होना है; 'off duty' का अर्थ काम पर न होना। इनमें article नहीं लगता।
- The doctor on duty examined the patient.
- I am off duty after six.
duty (countable) vs duty (tax)
In the plural, duties are tasks that belong to a job. As a singular uncountable word, duty can also be a tax on goods: customs duty, excise duty.
Plural में duties किसी पद से जुड़े कार्य हैं। Singular uncountable रूप में duty वस्तुओं पर लगने वाला कर भी है: customs duty, excise duty।
- The nurse's duties include checking the temperature.
- Customs duty is charged on imported watches.
do one's duty / carry out one's duties
Use do with duty (singular) and carry out or perform with duties (plural).
Singular 'duty' के साथ do और plural 'duties' के साथ carry out या perform आता है।
- The soldier did his duty without fear.
- The clerk carried out his duties carefully.
duty-bound / duty-free
Duty-bound means obliged by duty; duty-free means free from tax (a separate entry).
Duty-bound का अर्थ कर्तव्य से बाध्य है; duty-free का अर्थ कर से मुक्त है (अलग entry)।
- Teachers are duty-bound to report such cases.
+Collocations 5
adjective + duty
moralciviclegalsacredsolemn
- Voting is a civic duty.
verb + duty
performneglectshirkfulfilabandon
- He was punished for neglecting his duty.
duty + noun
rosterofficerdoctorfreecall
- The duty officer rang the bell at midnight.
tax sense: type + duty
customsexciseimportstampexport
- The government raised the import duty on gold.
duty + preposition
duty toduty towardsduty of carein the line of duty
- A police officer died in the line of duty.
“More examples 5
- Radhika considered it her duty to help the new student.
राधिका ने नए विद्यार्थी की मदद करना अपना कर्तव्य माना।
- Night duty at the hospital is very tiring.
अस्पताल की रात की ड्यूटी बहुत थका देने वाली होती है।
- Fundamental duties are listed in Part IV-A of the Indian Constitution.
मौलिक कर्तव्य भारतीय संविधान के भाग IV-A में दिए गए हैं।
- The traffic constable was on duty even in the heavy rain.
यातायात सिपाही भारी बारिश में भी ड्यूटी पर तैनात था।
- Parents have a duty of care towards their children.
माता-पिता का अपने बच्चों के प्रति देखभाल का कर्तव्य होता है।
!Common mistakes 2
✗ The doctor is in duty tonight.
✓ The doctor is on duty tonight.
The fixed phrase is on duty, not in duty.
स्थिर phrase 'on duty' है, 'in duty' नहीं।
✗ It is our duty for protecting the environment.
✓ It is our duty to protect the environment.
Duty takes to + verb, not for + -ing.
'Duty' के बाद to + verb आता है, for + -ing नहीं।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
These words all concern what a person must do, but they differ in the source of the pressure.
ये सभी शब्द उस काम से जुड़े हैं जो व्यक्ति को करना ही है, पर दबाव के स्रोत में भिन्न हैं।
Something you must do because of your job, law or moral sense.
ऐसा काम जो आपको नौकरी, कानून या नैतिक भावना के कारण करना ही पड़ता है।
- It is a soldier's duty to protect the border.
Something you are in charge of and answerable for.
ऐसी चीज़ जिसके आप प्रभारी हैं और जिसके लिए आप उत्तरदायी हैं।
- The principal took responsibility for the mistake.
A requirement from a promise, a contract or a law.
किसी वचन, अनुबंध या कानून से उत्पन्न आवश्यकता।
- The company has an obligation to pay its workers on time.
◇Word family
≈Synonyms and antonyms
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
Idioms and collocations, asked very often: on duty (working at a particular time) and off duty (not working), do your duty, duty-bound (morally or legally obliged), duty-free (without tax), above and beyond the call of duty (more than you are expected to do), in the line of duty (while doing your job: 'killed in the line of duty').
Idioms और collocations बहुत पूछे जाते हैं: on duty (किसी समय काम पर) और off duty (काम पर नहीं), do your duty (अपना कर्तव्य करना), duty-bound (नैतिक या कानूनी रूप से बाध्य), duty-free (कर-मुक्त), above and beyond the call of duty (अपेक्षा से अधिक करना), in the line of duty (काम करते हुए: 'killed in the line of duty', कर्तव्य निभाते हुए)।
'Duty first.'
कहावत 'Duty first' (कर्तव्य पहले)।
✓In the exam
General knowledge
Fundamental Duties (Article 51A, Part IVA) were added by the 42nd Amendment (1976) on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee; there are now 11 duties (the 11th, added by the 86th Amendment in 2002, asks parents to provide education to children aged 6 to 14).
मौलिक कर्तव्य (अनुच्छेद 51A, भाग IVA) स्वर्ण सिंह समिति की सिफ़ारिश पर 42वें संशोधन (1976) द्वारा जोड़े गए; अब 11 कर्तव्य हैं (11वाँ, 2002 में 86वें संशोधन द्वारा जोड़ा गया, माता-पिता से 6 से 14 वर्ष के बच्चों को शिक्षा दिलाने को कहता है)।