focus
/ˈfəʊkəs/noun
उच्चारण फ़ोकस
केंद्र, ध्यान; फ़ोकस, नाभि
Basic word
- 1
[C, U]
the thing or person that people are most interested in; special attention given to somebody or something; the point at which rays of light meet after reflection or refraction; the state of a picture being clear
केंद्र, ध्यान; फ़ोकस, नाभि
- the focus of attention
- in focus
- out of focus
+ 3 more examples
- The new bridge became the focus of the debate.
- The photograph is slightly out of focus.
- Health will be the main focus of this year's budget.
- 1
[I, T] ~ (sth) on/upon sb/sth
to give attention, effort to one particular subject, situation or person rather than another; to adjust your eyes or a camera so that you can see clearly
ध्यान केंद्रित करना
- Focus on your studies.
- Radhika focused on grammar before the exam.
- The camera focused on the bowler.
+ 1 more example
- Try to focus your mind and stop worrying.
Synonyms concentrate centre zero in on direct aim
§Structures (grammar patterns) 5
focus on + noun / gerund
Use 'on' after the verb focus to name the thing that gets your attention or effort. A gerund can follow 'on' when the target is an activity.
'Focus' क्रिया के बाद जिस चीज़ पर ध्यान या प्रयास लगाया जाए, उसके पहले 'on' आता है; यदि वह कोई कार्य हो तो 'on' के बाद gerund आ सकता है।
- Radhika decided to focus on vocabulary for the next two weeks.
- The teacher asked us to focus on improving our handwriting.
focus + attention / effort / energy + on
Focus can take an object such as attention, efforts or resources, followed by 'on' and the target.
'Focus' के साथ attention, effort या resources जैसी object संज्ञा आ सकती है, और उसके बाद लक्ष्य से पहले 'on' लगता है।
- The government has focused its efforts on rural education.
- Please focus your attention on the blackboard.
the focus of + noun / a focus on
As a noun, focus means the centre of interest. Use 'the focus of' for the thing that attracts attention and 'a focus on' for an emphasis.
Noun के रूप में 'focus' का अर्थ रुचि का केंद्र है; आकर्षण की वस्तु के लिए 'the focus of' और ज़ोर देने के लिए 'a focus on' का प्रयोग होता है।
- The new bridge became the focus of the villagers' discussion.
- The syllabus has a strong focus on reading comprehension.
in focus / out of focus
These fixed phrases describe whether a picture or image looks sharp or blurred.
ये स्थिर phrases बताते हैं कि कोई चित्र स्पष्ट दिखता है या धुंधला।
- The photograph is out of focus, so we cannot read the sign.
- Turn the knob until the image is in focus.
focused / focusing (spelling)
British English accepts both focused and focussed, and focusing and focussing. The single-s forms are more common.
British English में focused और focussed, तथा focusing और focussing दोनों रूप मान्य हैं; एक 's' वाले रूप अधिक प्रचलित हैं।
- She stayed focused throughout the three-hour paper.
+Collocations 5
adjective + focus
mainsharpclearnarrowspecialparticular
- The main focus of the lecture was on time management.
verb + focus
losekeepshiftbring intosharpenput the
- Do not lose your focus when the questions get harder.
focus + noun
groupareapointof attentionon the future
- A focus group of students gave feedback on the new app.
adverb + focus (verb)
mainlysharplyentirelyprimarilynarrowly
- The report focuses primarily on the causes of unemployment.
focused + noun
mindapproacheffortattentiondiscussion
- A focused approach to revision saves a lot of time.
“More examples 5
- During the monsoon session, the debate was focused on flood relief.
मानसून सत्र के दौरान बहस बाढ़ राहत पर केंद्रित रही।
- He turned the lens slowly to focus the camera on the peacock.
उसने मोर पर कैमरा focus करने के लिए lens को धीरे-धीरे घुमाया।
- Cricket is the focus of attention in India during the World Cup.
विश्व कप के दौरान भारत में क्रिकेट ध्यान का केंद्र होता है।
- Phones in the library make it hard for students to stay focused.
पुस्तकालय में फ़ोन होने से विद्यार्थियों के लिए एकाग्र रहना कठिन हो जाता है।
- The bank is now focusing on digital services for small towns.
बैंक अब छोटे कस्बों के लिए digital सेवाओं पर ध्यान दे रहा है।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ Please focus at the main points of the passage.
✓ Please focus on the main points of the passage.
The correct preposition after focus is on, not at.
'Focus' के बाद सही preposition 'on' है, 'at' नहीं।
✗ I cannot focus in my studies when it is noisy.
✓ I cannot focus on my studies when it is noisy.
Use focus on a subject, not focus in it.
किसी विषय पर ध्यान लगाने के लिए 'focus on' लिखा जाता है, 'focus in' नहीं।
✗ The teacher focused about grammar in today's class.
✓ The teacher focused on grammar in today's class.
Focus is not followed by about; use on.
'Focus' के बाद 'about' नहीं लगता; यहाँ 'on' का प्रयोग होता है।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
All three describe giving special attention to something, but they differ in what exactly is being done.
तीनों का अर्थ किसी चीज़ पर विशेष ध्यान देना है, पर वे अलग-अलग क्रिया पर ज़ोर देते हैं।
To direct your attention or effort at one point, often chosen from several possibilities.
अनेक संभावनाओं में से किसी एक बिंदु पर ध्यान या प्रयास लगाना।
- Focus on the question before you write.
To keep your mind fully on a task without being distracted.
बिना भटके किसी कार्य में पूरा मन लगाए रखना।
- It is hard to concentrate in a noisy room.
emphasise
To show or say that something is especially important.
यह दिखाना या कहना कि कोई बात विशेष रूप से महत्त्वपूर्ण है।
- The principal emphasised the value of punctuality.
¶Idioms 2
in focus / out of focus
(of a photograph or an image) clear / not clear
साफ़ / धुँधला
- Make sure the camera is in focus before you click.
- The faces in the picture are out of focus.
bring sth into focus / come into focus
to make people pay attention to sth, or to become the centre of attention
(किसी चीज़ को) ध्यान के केंद्र में लाना / आना
- The accident brought road safety into focus.
- The issue of water shortage came into focus after the drought.
≈Synonyms and antonyms
§Grammar and usage
Focus on sth (not 'focus at' or 'focus in': 'Focus on the main points'); plural focuses or foci (/ˈfəʊsaɪ/, scientific); spelling focused (more common) or focussed.
यह बहुत पूछा जाता है: focus on sth ('focus at' या 'focus in' नहीं: 'Focus on the main points'); plural focuses या foci (/ˈfəʊsaɪ/, वैज्ञानिक); spelling focused (अधिक आम) या focussed।
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
Focus group (a small group of people asked for their opinions), in focus or out of focus (clear or not clear), the focus of attention.
Collocations: focus group (राय पूछने के लिए लोगों का छोटा समूह), in focus या out of focus (स्पष्ट या अस्पष्ट), the focus of attention।
✓In the exam
General knowledge
Science GK: in a lens or mirror, the focus is the point where light rays meet; the distance from the centre to the focus is the focal length; in an earthquake, the focus is the point inside the earth where it starts.
विज्ञान GK में लेंस या दर्पण में focus वह बिंदु है जहाँ प्रकाश किरणें मिलती हैं (फ़ोकस); केंद्र से फ़ोकस तक की दूरी फ़ोकस दूरी है; भूकंप में focus पृथ्वी के भीतर वह बिंदु है जहाँ यह शुरू होता है।