reduce
/rɪˈdjuːs/verb
उच्चारण रिड्यूस
कम करना, घटाना
Basic wordPYP · asked 13 times
Asked in previous papers
as synonym
+8 more
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[T] ~ sth (from sth) (to sth) | ~ sth (by sth)
to make something smaller or less in size, amount or degree
कम करना, घटाना
- The shop reduced its prices by twenty per cent.
- Regular exercise reduces stress.
- The government plans to reduce the price of petrol.
+ 3 more examples
- Meditation can reduce stress.
- We must reduce the use of plastic bags.
- The shop reduced the price of rice by ten rupees.
- 2
[T] ~ sb/sth to sth often passive
to force somebody or something into a particular, usually worse, state
(किसी को बुरी दशा में) पहुँचा देना
- The old fort was reduced to ruins.
- She was reduced to tears.
- The heavy rain reduced the road to mud.
+ 2 more examples
- The harsh words reduced the child to tears.
- Years of war reduced the city to ruins.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
reduce + object
Reduce is a transitive verb: it needs an object, the thing that becomes smaller.
'Reduce' transitive verb है; उसके साथ वह वस्तु आती है जो घटती है।
- The shop reduced its prices before Diwali.
- Exercise can reduce stress.
reduce sth + by / to + figure
Use by for the amount of the fall and to for the final figure.
घटी हुई मात्रा के लिए 'by' और अंतिम आँकड़े के लिए 'to' का प्रयोग होता है।
- The fee was reduced by ten per cent.
- The fee was reduced to Rs 900.
reduce sb / sth + to + noun or -ing
In this pattern reduce means to force someone into a worse state, such as tears, silence or poverty.
इस pattern में 'reduce' का अर्थ किसी को बुरी स्थिति में पहुँचा देना है, जैसे आँसू, चुप्पी या गरीबी।
- The sad news reduced her to tears.
- The fire reduced the shop to ashes.
be reduced (passive) and reducing
The passive is common for prices, speed and numbers, and reducing is the participle in clipped news style.
कीमतों, गति और संख्या के लिए passive रूप आम है।
- Speed on this road has been reduced to 30 kmph.
- Sale prices are reduced for the festival week.
+Collocations 4
reduce + noun
costriskwastepollutionspeedtension
- Regular checks reduce the risk of fire.
adverb + reduce
drasticallysharplygraduallysignificantlyslightly
- The government sharply reduced the import duty.
reduce + preposition
by halfto a minimumto tearsto ruinsto nothing
- We must reduce plastic use to a minimum.
reduce + weight / fat
weightfatstressfeverswelling
- Cold water helped reduce the swelling.
“More examples 5
- The railways reduced the fare for senior citizens.
रेलवे ने वरिष्ठ नागरिकों का किराया घटा दिया।
- Radhika reduced her screen time to one hour a day.
राधिका ने अपना screen time घटाकर प्रतिदिन एक घंटा कर दिया।
- The long drought reduced many farmers to poverty.
लंबे सूखे ने कई किसानों को गरीबी में पहुँचा दिया।
- Boil the sauce until it is reduced by half.
चटनी को तब तक उबालिए जब तक वह आधी न रह जाए।
- New machines have reduced the need for manual labour.
नई मशीनों ने शारीरिक श्रम की आवश्यकता कम कर दी है।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ The price of onions has reduced this month.
✓ The price of onions has fallen this month.
Reduce needs an object; for prices that fall by themselves, use fall or drop. Or use the passive: has been reduced.
'Reduce' को object चाहिए; जो कीमतें अपने-आप गिरती हैं उनके लिए fall या drop लिखें, या passive 'has been reduced' प्रयोग करें।
✗ The prices have been reduced for 20 per cent.
✓ The prices have been reduced by 20 per cent.
The amount of the fall is shown with by, not for.
घटाई गई मात्रा 'by' से बताई जाती है, 'for' से नहीं।
✗ We must reduce down the expenses.
✓ We must reduce the expenses.
Reduce already means to make smaller; down is redundant. Cut down is a separate phrasal verb.
'Reduce' का अर्थ ही घटाना है, इसलिए 'down' अनावश्यक है; 'cut down' अलग phrasal verb है।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
All three mean to make less, but they differ in tone and in how they are used.
तीनों का अर्थ कम करना है, पर इनके tone और प्रयोग में अंतर है।
The general, slightly formal word for making an amount, size or level smaller.
मात्रा, आकार या स्तर घटाने के लिए सामान्य और थोड़ा formal शब्द।
- The company reduced its staff.
Can be used with or without an object and often describes a gradual fall in numbers.
Object के साथ या बिना, दोनों तरह प्रयोग हो सकता है और प्रायः संख्या में धीरे-धीरे गिरावट बताता है।
- The number of cases decreased steadily.
A less formal and stronger word for a sharp, deliberate reduction.
तीव्र और जानबूझकर की गई कटौती के लिए कम formal और अधिक प्रबल शब्द।
- The bank cut interest rates.