rock
/rɒk/noun
उच्चारण रॉक
चट्टान, शिला; रॉक संगीत
Basic wordPYP · asked 3 times
Asked in previous papers
as idiom
- 1
[U, C]
the hard solid material that forms part of the surface of the earth; a large piece of rock; a type of loud popular music
चट्टान, शिला; रॉक संगीत
- volcanic rock
- rock music
- The cliff is made of hard rock.
+ 2 more examples
- He sat on a large rock beside the river.
- She plays in a rock band on weekends.
- 1
[I, T]
to move gently backwards and forwards or from side to side; to shock somebody very much
झुलाना, हिलाना; झकझोर देना
- She rocked the baby to sleep.
- The scandal rocked the nation.
- The boat rocked gently on the waves.
+ 2 more examples
- The mother rocked the cradle until the baby slept.
- The news rocked the whole school.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 5
rock (uncountable / countable)
Rock is uncountable for the material and countable for a large piece or a stone.
पदार्थ के लिए 'rock' uncountable है और बड़े टुकड़े या पत्थर के लिए countable।
- The mountain is made of hard rock.
- A rock fell on the road.
rock + sb / sth (verb)
As a verb, rock means to move gently from side to side; it takes an object, such as a baby or a boat.
क्रिया के रूप में 'rock' का अर्थ धीरे-धीरे दाएँ-बाएँ हिलना या हिलाना है; इसके साथ baby या boat जैसा object आता है।
- The mother rocked the baby to sleep.
- The waves rocked the boat.
rock music (noun) / rock star
Rock as a modifier names a style of loud popular music.
Modifier के रूप में 'rock' तेज़ लोकप्रिय संगीत की शैली को बताता है।
- He plays in a rock band on weekends.
rock sb (shock)
The verb can mean to shock people deeply, often in the passive.
क्रिया का अर्थ लोगों को गहरा झटका देना भी हो सकता है, प्रायः passive में।
- The town was rocked by the news of the scandal.
rock + idiom (on the rocks / rock bottom)
On the rocks means in serious trouble, and rock bottom means the lowest possible point; both idioms are fixed and take no article change.
'On the rocks' का अर्थ गंभीर संकट में है और 'rock bottom' का अर्थ सबसे निचला बिंदु; दोनों मुहावरे स्थिर हैं और इनमें article नहीं बदलता।
- The business hit rock bottom last year and was on the rocks.
+Collocations 5
adjective + rock
solidhardvolcanicloosejagged
- The hut was built on solid rock.
verb + rock
climbsplitthrowbreakhit
- Boys were climbing the large rock by the river.
rock + noun
bandstarmusicgardenpool
- The rock garden was full of tourists.
rock + idiom
on the rocksrock bottomrock the boatsolid as a rock
- Their marriage was on the rocks.
verb + rock (idiom)
rock the boatrock and rollrock with laughter
- The comedian made the whole audience rock with laughter.
“More examples 6
- The climbers rested on a flat rock near the summit.
पर्वतारोही चोटी के पास एक चपटी चट्टान पर बैठकर सुस्ताए।
- Radhika's grandmother rocked in her chair and told old stories.
राधिका की दादी अपनी कुर्सी पर झूलते हुए पुरानी कहानियाँ सुनाती थीं।
- The earthquake rocked several districts last night.
भूकंप ने कल रात कई ज़िलों को हिला दिया।
- Rock formations in Rajasthan show the age of the earth.
राजस्थान की चट्टानी बनावटें पृथ्वी की आयु को दर्शाती हैं।
- Do not rock the boat just before the exam.
परीक्षा से ठीक पहले माहौल मत बिगाड़ो।
- The cliff was made of dark volcanic rock.
चट्टान गहरे ज्वालामुखीय पत्थर की बनी थी।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ The boat was rocking by the waves.
✓ The boat was being rocked by the waves.
The boat receives the action, so use the passive.
नाव पर क्रिया हो रही है, इसलिए passive का प्रयोग करें।
✗ She rocked to the baby.
✓ She rocked the baby.
Rock as a verb takes a direct object.
क्रिया 'rock' के साथ सीधा object आता है।
✗ The mountain is made of a hard rock.
✓ The mountain is made of hard rock.
For the material, rock is uncountable and takes no a.
पदार्थ के अर्थ में 'rock' uncountable है और इसके साथ 'a' नहीं लगता।
¶Idioms 6
on the rocks
(of a relationship or business) in difficulty and likely to fail
(संबंध या व्यवसाय का) संकट में, टूटने के कगार पर
- Their partnership has been on the rocks for months.
- The company is on the rocks after heavy losses.
between a rock and a hard place
in a situation where you have to choose between two things, both of which are unpleasant
दो मुसीबतों के बीच फँसा हुआ, इधर कुआँ उधर खाई
- I'm caught between a rock and a hard place — I lose either way.
- The government is between a rock and a hard place on fuel prices.
hit/reach rock bottom
to reach the lowest point or level possible
सबसे निचले स्तर पर पहुँच जाना
- Her confidence hit rock bottom after the result.
- Prices have reached rock bottom.
(as) solid/steady as a rock
very strong; that you can rely on
चट्टान जैसा मज़बूत; भरोसेमंद
- Her support was as solid as a rock.
- His hands were steady as a rock during the operation.
rock the boat
(informal) to do sth that upsets a situation and causes problems
बनी-बनाई व्यवस्था में खलल डालना
- Don't rock the boat just before the exams.
- He was told not to rock the boat by complaining.
like a shag on a rock
completely alone and without help or support (a shag is a kind of sea bird)
बिल्कुल अकेला, बेसहारा
- Everyone left the party early and I was left like a shag on a rock.
- When his friends moved away, he felt like a shag on a rock.
◇Word family
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
Rock the boat (cause problems by trying to change a situation), between a rock and a hard place (in a situation where you must choose between two equally bad options), rock bottom (the lowest point: 'Prices hit rock bottom'), on the rocks (in difficulty; likely to fail: 'Their marriage is on the rocks'), solid as a rock (very reliable).
Idioms बहुत पूछे जाते हैं: rock the boat (स्थिति बदलने के प्रयास में समस्याएँ पैदा करना), between a rock and a hard place (दो समान बुरे विकल्पों में चुनने की स्थिति, इधर कुआँ उधर खाई), rock bottom (निम्नतम बिंदु: 'Prices hit rock bottom'), on the rocks (कठिनाई में; विफल होने की संभावना: 'Their marriage is on the rocks'), solid as a rock (बहुत विश्वसनीय, चट्टान की तरह अडिग)।
✓In the exam
General knowledge
Geography GK: the three types of rock are igneous (formed from cooled magma, like granite and basalt), sedimentary (formed in layers, like sandstone and limestone) and metamorphic (changed by heat and pressure, like marble and slate).
भूगोल GK में चट्टानों के तीन प्रकार हैं: आग्नेय (ठंडे magma से बनी, जैसे granite और basalt), अवसादी (परतों में बनी, जैसे बलुआ पत्थर और चूना पत्थर) और कायांतरित (ऊष्मा और दाब से बदली, जैसे संगमरमर और slate)।