shock
/ʃɒk/noun
उच्चारण शॉक
सदमा, आघात, धक्का
Basic wordPYP · asked 5 times
Asked in previous papers
as antonym
- 1
[U, C]
a strong feeling of surprise as a result of something happening, especially something unpleasant
सदमा, आघात, धक्का
- The news of his death came as a terrible shock.
- She is still in shock after the accident.
- The result came as a shock to the whole family.
+ 2 more examples
- He was in shock when he heard the news.
- It gave me a shock to see my old teacher on the train.
Synonyms blow trauma upset bombshell jolt
Opposite relief comfort reassurance
- 2
[U] medical
a serious medical condition caused by severe injury, pain or loss of blood
(चिकित्सा में) शॉक, गंभीर आघात की अवस्था
- The driver was taken to hospital suffering from shock.
- The nurse treated the patient for shock after the road accident.
- The patient was treated for shock at the hospital.
+ 2 more examples
- Loss of blood can send a person into shock.
- She was pale and shaking, clearly suffering from shock.
- 3
[C]
an electric shock
बिजली का झटका
- He got a shock from the faulty switch.
- Never touch a wet wire, or you may get an electric shock.
- The child got an electric shock from the loose plug.
+ 2 more examples
- A strong shock ran through his hand when he touched the wire.
- Always switch off the mains to avoid a shock.
Synonyms jolt electric shock
- 4
[C, U]
a violent shake from a crash, an explosion or an earthquake
झटका, कंपन
- The shock of the earthquake was felt two hundred kilometres away.
- Buildings in the area trembled at the shock of the explosion.
- The shock of the blast shattered the windows.
+ 2 more examples
- Another shock was felt a few minutes after the first earthquake.
- The shock from the crash threw passengers out of their seats.
Synonyms impact jolt jar tremor concussion
- 1
[T] ~ sb
to surprise and upset somebody
सदमा पहुँचाना, चौंका देना
- The cruelty of the crime shocked the whole country.
- I was shocked to hear she had left.
- The news shocked everyone in the village.
+ 2 more examples
- It shocks me that people still throw rubbish in the river.
- We were shocked by the sudden change in her behaviour.
- 2
[T] ~ sb
to make somebody feel offended or disgusted
आहत करना, नाराज़ करना
- The film's language shocked many viewers.
- His rude jokes shocked the elderly guests at the wedding.
- His language shocked the older members of the audience.
+ 2 more examples
- Some viewers were shocked by the violent scenes.
- Nothing seems to shock young people these days.
Synonyms offend outrage scandalize disgust
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
a shock to somebody / come as a shock
Use 'to' for the person who is surprised: 'It was a shock to everyone'. 'Come as a shock' is a common phrase for sudden bad news.
जिसे आश्चर्य हो उसके लिए 'to' आता है: 'It was a shock to everyone'; अचानक बुरी खबर के लिए 'come as a shock' आम phrase है।
- The news of the accident was a shock to the whole town.
- His sudden death came as a shock.
in shock / suffer from shock
As a medical state, 'in shock' describes someone numb after trauma. 'Suffer from shock' is the formal form.
चिकित्सा अवस्था के रूप में 'in shock' आघात के बाद सुन्न हुए व्यक्ति का वर्णन करता है; 'suffer from shock' औपचारिक रूप है।
- The survivors were in shock for hours.
shock (verb) + object
As a verb it is transitive: shock somebody. The passive is common: 'I was shocked by the news / to hear the news / at the price'.
क्रिया के रूप में यह transitive है: shock somebody; passive आम है: 'I was shocked by the news / to hear the news / at the price'।
- The violence shocked the audience.
- We were shocked at the price of tomatoes.
electric shock / culture shock / shock absorber
Compound uses: an electric shock, culture shock, shock absorber, shock wave.
Compound प्रयोग: an electric shock, culture shock, shock absorber, shock wave।
- Radhika got an electric shock from a loose wire.
+Collocations 4
adjective + shock
greatseveresuddenelectricculturalpolitical
- The result was a great shock to the favourite team.
verb + shock
getsufferrecover fromcauseabsorbcome as a
- He is still recovering from the shock of the accident.
shock + noun
absorberwavetreatmenttacticstherapy
- The scooter's shock absorbers were damaged by the potholes.
adverb + shocked
deeplyvisiblygenuinelyprofoundlyabsolutelyutterly
- We were deeply shocked by the flood damage.
“More examples 5
- It was a shock to see my old classroom in ruins.
अपनी पुरानी कक्षा को खंडहर देखना एक आघात था।
- The patient went into shock after losing a lot of blood.
बहुत रक्त बह जाने के बाद रोगी shock में चला गया।
- The announcement shocked the whole office.
इस घोषणा ने पूरे कार्यालय को स्तब्ध कर दिया।
- Radhika felt culture shock when she first moved to Mumbai.
जब राधिका पहली बार मुंबई गई तो उसे सांस्कृतिक झटका लगा।
- The electric shock threw him back across the room.
बिजली के झटके ने उसे कमरे के पार पीछे फेंक दिया।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ I was shock to hear the news.
✓ I was shocked to hear the news.
The adjective needed here is 'shocked', the past participle.
यहाँ adjective 'shocked' (past participle) चाहिए।
✗ The news was very shocked.
✓ The news was very shocking.
A thing that causes shock is 'shocking'; a person who feels it is 'shocked'.
जो चीज़ आघात देती है वह 'shocking' है; जो व्यक्ति आघात महसूस करता है वह 'shocked' है।
✗ We were shocked with the result.
✓ We were shocked at the result.
The usual preposition after 'shocked' is 'at' or 'by'.
'Shocked' के बाद सामान्य preposition 'at' या 'by' है।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
These words describe surprise, but with different strength and feeling.
ये शब्द आश्चर्य का वर्णन करते हैं, पर तीव्रता और भाव में अंतर है।
A sudden, unpleasant surprise that upsets you.
अचानक, अप्रिय आश्चर्य जो आपको व्यथित कर दे।
- The news was a shock.
Anything unexpected, pleasant or not.
कोई भी अप्रत्याशित बात, सुखद या नहीं।
- The gift was a pleasant surprise.
Great surprise, often from something amazing and not necessarily bad.
बड़ा आश्चर्य, प्रायः किसी विस्मयकारी बात से, जो बुरी होना आवश्यक नहीं।
- She watched in astonishment as the magician vanished.
¶Idioms 2
shock horror
used when you pretend to be shocked by something not really shocking
(मज़ाक में) हाय, कितना चौंकाने वाला
- Shock horror, the train was on time!
in for a shock
likely to be surprised in an unpleasant way
झटका लगने वाला
- If he thinks the exam will be easy, he is in for a shock.
◇Word family
≈Synonyms and antonyms
?Which word?
The -ed/-ing pair: shocked (the person feels it), shocking (the thing causes it).
-ed/-ing जोड़ी: shocked (व्यक्ति महसूस करता है), shocking (चीज़ सदमा देती है)।
§Grammar and usage
Shocked at or by sth; a shock to sb.
Shock के साथ दो Patterns याद रखें: 'shocked at' या 'shocked by sth' (किसी बात से सदमा लगना) और 'a shock to sb' (किसी के लिए झटका)।
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
Culture shock (confusion in a new country), shock absorber, a shock wave, aftershock (a smaller earthquake after a big one), shell shock (an old term for war trauma).
Collocations: culture shock (नए देश में उलझन), shock absorber, a shock wave, aftershock (बड़े भूकंप के बाद छोटा भूकंप), shell shock (युद्ध के आघात का पुराना शब्द)।