say
/seɪ/verb
उच्चारण से
कहना, बोलना
Basic wordPYP · asked 2 times
Asked in previous papers
as idiom
- 1
[T] ~ sth (to sb) | ~ (that)…
to speak or tell somebody something, using words
कहना, बोलना
- She said that she was tired.
- He said nothing to me.
- What did the teacher say about your project?
+ 3 more examples
- Say 'cheese' and smile for the photograph!
- He said he would be late for dinner.
- They say it will rain tomorrow.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
say + that-clause / say sth to sb
After say, the listener comes after to; say does not take the listener directly, whereas tell does.
'Say' के बाद श्रोता से पहले 'to' लगता है; 'say' सीधे श्रोता को object नहीं लेता, जबकि 'tell' लेता है।
- Radhika said to me that she was late.
- He said that the bus had broken down.
say + direct speech
Say introduces the exact words a speaker used, in quotation marks, with the subject before or after.
'Say' वक्ता के सटीक शब्दों को उद्धरण चिह्नों में प्रस्तुत करता है; subject पहले या बाद में आ सकता है।
- 'I will come tomorrow,' she said.
- The teacher said, 'Open your books.'
be said to + infinitive / it is said that
The passive reports a general belief or a rumour, without naming who says it.
Passive रूप सामान्य मान्यता या अफ़वाह बताता है, बिना यह कहे कि कौन कहता है।
- The temple is said to be a thousand years old.
- It is said that the river changed its course.
say + number / sign / clock (written source)
Say can mean that a sign, text or instrument shows information.
'Say' का अर्थ यह भी हो सकता है कि कोई संकेत, पाठ या यंत्र जानकारी दिखाता है।
- The sign says No Parking.
- My watch says ten past five.
+Collocations 4
say + noun
a prayera wordgoodbyehellosorry
- Say a prayer before the exam begins.
adverb + say
simplyquietlyfirmlypolitelybriefly
- She quietly said that she wanted to leave.
say + one's piece / the least
say one's piecesay the leastsay a few wordssay no moresay yes
- The principal said a few words at the end.
have a say
have a sayhave no sayhave the final saywant a saygive sb a say
- Students should have a say in the school rules.
“More examples 5
- The doctor said that she should rest for a week.
डॉक्टर ने कहा कि उसे एक सप्ताह आराम करना चाहिए।
- Radhika says her favourite subject is geography.
राधिका कहती है कि उसका प्रिय विषय भूगोल है।
- What does the notice say about the exam date?
सूचना में परीक्षा की तारीख़ के बारे में क्या लिखा है?
- She said nothing and walked out of the room.
वह कुछ बोले बिना कमरे से बाहर चली गई।
- Let us say the meeting starts at ten.
मान लीजिए बैठक दस बजे शुरू होती है।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ He said me that he would come.
✓ He told me that he would come.
Say cannot take a person as its direct object; use tell, or say to me.
'Say' के सीधे object के रूप में व्यक्ति नहीं आता; 'tell' या 'say to me' लिखें।
✗ Never say a lie.
✓ Never tell a lie.
Lie and truth take tell, not say.
'Lie' और 'truth' के साथ 'tell' आता है, 'say' नहीं।
✗ She said, that she was tired.
✓ She said that she was tired.
Do not put a comma between said and a that-clause; the comma belongs only before direct speech.
'Said' और that-clause के बीच comma नहीं लगता; comma केवल प्रत्यक्ष कथन से पहले आता है।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
These reporting verbs differ in what follows them.
इन reporting verbs में अंतर यह है कि इनके बाद क्या आता है।
Reports words; the listener appears only with to.
शब्दों को बताता है; श्रोता केवल 'to' के साथ आता है।
- He said to me that he was busy.
Takes the listener directly, and goes with story, lie, truth and secret.
श्रोता को सीधे लेता है, और story, lie, truth, secret के साथ आता है।
- He told me that he was busy.
Used for talking in general or for a language, not for reporting exact words.
सामान्य बातचीत या भाषा के लिए, सटीक शब्दों को बताने के लिए नहीं।
- She speaks four languages.
¶Idioms 8
easier said than done
used to say that it is harder to do sth than to talk about it
कहना आसान, करना कठिन
- Getting up at 5 a.m. every day is easier said than done.
- "Just stay calm in the exam." "That's easier said than done."
needless to say
used to emphasize that what you are saying is obvious
कहने की ज़रूरत नहीं कि
- Needless to say, he was very upset.
- Needless to say, Radhika passed with top marks.
that is to say
used to explain more exactly what sb means
अर्थात; यानी
- We leave on Friday, that is to say in three days.
- He's a polyglot, that is to say, he speaks many languages.
to say the least
without exaggerating at all
कम से कम शब्दों में कहें तो
- The service was slow, to say the least.
- I was surprised, to say the least.
you can say that again
used to show that you agree completely with what sb has just said (informal)
बिल्कुल सही कहा! (अनौपचारिक)
- "It's very hot today." "You can say that again!"
- "That exam was hard." "You can say that again."
you don't say!
used to show that you are surprised (often used ironically)
अच्छा! सच में? (अक्सर व्यंग्य में)
- "I've passed my driving test." "You don't say! Well done!"
- "Prices are going up." "You don't say!"
when all is said and done
when everything is considered
सब कुछ कह-सुन लेने के बाद; आख़िरकार
- When all is said and done, health is more important than money.
- When all is said and done, she is still my sister.
say the word
to give an order; to make a request
बस एक बार कह दो (मैं कर दूँगा)
- If you need help, just say the word.
- Say the word and I'll come.
§Grammar and usage
Say does not take a personal object directly ('He said to me', not 'He said me'); tell does ('He told me').
यह बहुत पूछा जाता है: say सीधे व्यक्ति वाला object नहीं लेता ('He said to me', 'He said me' नहीं); tell लेता है ('He told me')।
Use say for words ('say hello', 'say a prayer') and tell for information or stories ('tell the truth', 'tell a story', 'tell a lie').
शब्दों के लिए say ('say hello', 'say a prayer') और जानकारी या कहानी के लिए tell ('tell the truth', 'tell a story', 'tell a lie')।
Narration: in indirect speech, 'said to' changes to 'told' ('He said to me, "I am busy"' becomes 'He told me that he was busy').
Narration में indirect speech में 'said to' बदलकर 'told' ('He said to me, "I am busy"' बनता है 'He told me that he was busy')।
Says /sez/, said /sed/.
Pronunciation: 'says' का उच्चारण /sez/ होता है और 'said' का /sed/। दोनों में 'ay' और 'ai' की आवाज़ 'ए' जैसी है, इसलिए 'सेज़' और 'सेड' जैसा बोलें।