astonish
/əˈstɒnɪʃ/verb
उच्चारण अस्टॉनिश
चकित करना, हैरान करना
Core word
- 1
[T]
to surprise somebody very much
चकित करना, हैरान करना
- Radhika astonished everyone by topping the exam.
- It astonishes me that he has never seen the sea.
- His generosity astonished all of us.
+ 2 more examples
- The scale of the project is enough to astonish anyone.
- It would astonish me if they lost the match.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
astonish + person / object
Astonish is transitive: the thing that surprises is the subject and the person is the object. No preposition follows it.
'Astonish' transitive verb है: चकित करने वाली चीज़ subject और व्यक्ति object होता है। इसके बाद preposition नहीं आता।
- The result astonished everyone.
- Her speed astonished the coach.
it astonishes + sb + that-clause
Use it as the subject when the surprising fact is a full clause.
जब चौंकाने वाली बात पूरा clause हो, तब 'it' को subject बनाकर यह pattern आता है।
- It astonished us that he had walked ten kilometres.
be astonished at / by / to-infinitive
In the passive, the person feels the surprise. Use at or by for the cause, or a to-infinitive for what they saw or heard.
Passive में व्यक्ति चकित होता है। कारण के लिए at या by और देखी-सुनी बात के लिए to-infinitive का प्रयोग होता है।
- I was astonished at the size of the crowd.
- We were astonished to hear the news.
astonished + that-clause
You may also follow astonished with a that-clause giving the fact.
'Astonished' के बाद that-clause में तथ्य भी बताया जा सकता है।
- She was astonished that nobody had told her.
+Collocations 3
adverb + astonish
greatlycompletelygenuinelyquitesimply
- The magician's trick completely astonished the children.
astonish + noun
the worldthe audiencethe judgesthe criticsexperts
- The young chess player astonished the judges.
astonished + noun / reaction
lookvoicesilencecryfaces
- She gave an astonished cry.
“More examples 5
- It astonishes me how quickly she learns new words.
मुझे आश्चर्य होता है कि वह नए शब्द कितनी जल्दी सीख लेती है।
- The cost of the repair astonished the owner.
मरम्मत की लागत ने मालिक को चकित कर दिया।
- We were astonished to see snow in the city.
शहर में बर्फ़ देखकर हम हैरान रह गए।
- He astonished his teachers by scoring full marks.
पूरे अंक लाकर उसने अपने शिक्षकों को चकित कर दिया।
- Radhika was astonished by the kindness of strangers.
अजनबियों की दयालुता से राधिका हैरान रह गई।
!Common mistakes 2
✗ The result astonished to everyone.
✓ The result astonished everyone.
Astonish is transitive and takes no preposition.
'Astonish' transitive है, इसके बाद preposition नहीं लगता।
✗ I was astonished with the news.
✓ I was astonished at the news.
Use at or by after astonished, not with.
'Astonished' के बाद 'at' या 'by' आता है, 'with' नहीं।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
All of these mean to surprise, and they rise in strength from surprise to shock.
सभी का अर्थ चकित करना है, और उनकी तीव्रता surprise से shock की ओर बढ़ती है।
To surprise very strongly, often so that you can hardly believe it.
बहुत अधिक चकित करना, प्रायः इतना कि विश्वास करना कठिन हो।
- His honesty astonished us.
To surprise with wonder or admiration.
आश्चर्य और प्रशंसा के साथ चकित करना।
- The view from the fort amazed the tourists.
To shock so much that you cannot speak or act.
इतना स्तब्ध करना कि बोलना या कुछ करना कठिन हो जाए।
- The sudden defeat stunned the team.
◇Word family
§Grammar and usage
We are astonished at or by something, as in 'astonished at the news'.
Astonished at या by something प्रयोग होता है, जैसे 'astonished at the news'।