because
/bɪˈkɒz/conjunction
उच्चारण बिकॉज़
क्योंकि
Basic word
- 1
§Structures (grammar patterns) 5
because + clause
Because introduces a full clause with its own subject and verb, giving the reason for what is said in the main clause.
'Because' के बाद अपने subject और verb वाला पूरा clause आता है, जो main clause में कही गई बात का कारण बताता है।
- Radhika missed the bus because she woke up late.
- Because it rained heavily, the match was cancelled.
because of + noun / pronoun / -ing
Because of is a preposition, so it is followed by a noun, a pronoun or a gerund, never by a clause with a subject and verb.
'Because of' preposition है, इसलिए इसके बाद noun, pronoun या gerund आता है, subject और verb वाला clause नहीं।
- The train was late because of the fog.
- She won the scholarship because of working so hard.
main clause + because + clause (position and comma)
When because comes in the middle, no comma is usual. When the because-clause comes first, a comma follows it. A because-clause alone is not a full sentence.
जब because वाक्य के बीच में आता है तो सामान्यतः comma नहीं लगता। जब because वाला clause पहले आता है तो उसके बाद comma लगता है। अकेला because-clause पूरा वाक्य नहीं होता।
- We stayed indoors because it was too hot.
- Because the roads were flooded, the school remained closed.
not because ... but because ...
Use this pair to deny one reason and give the true one in its place.
एक कारण को नकारकर उसकी जगह सही कारण बताने के लिए यह जोड़ी प्रयुक्त होती है।
- He did not leave because he was angry, but because he was tired.
because (short answer to why)
In speech, because can stand alone as an answer to why. In writing, always link it to a main clause.
बोलचाल में 'why' के उत्तर में because अकेला आ सकता है। लिखित भाषा में इसे हमेशा main clause से जोड़ें।
- 'Why did you come early?' 'Because I wanted a front seat.'
+Collocations 4
verb + because
sayknowfeelthinksuspect
- I know she is nervous because her hands are shaking.
just / only / simply + because
justonlysimplymainlypartly
- You should not give up simply because the first attempt failed.
because of + noun
the rainillnessa power cutheavy trafficpoor health
- Many trains ran late because of dense winter fog.
partly / largely / mainly + because
partlylargelymainlychieflyprecisely
- Prices rose mainly because the harvest was poor.
“More examples 5
- Aman could not attend the interview because he had a high fever.
अमन तेज़ बुखार होने के कारण interview में नहीं जा सका।
- Because of her regular practice, Kavya improved her speed in the mock test.
नियमित अभ्यास के कारण काव्या ने mock test में अपनी गति सुधार ली।
- The shop was closed because it was a public holiday.
दुकान बंद थी क्योंकि सार्वजनिक अवकाश था।
- Just because you read the chapter once does not mean you have mastered it.
केवल इसलिए कि आपने अध्याय एक बार पढ़ लिया, इसका अर्थ यह नहीं कि आपने उस पर पकड़ बना ली।
- I am telling you this because I care about your result.
मैं आपको यह इसलिए बता रहा हूँ क्योंकि मुझे आपके परिणाम की चिंता है।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ Because of he was ill, he stayed at home.
✓ Because he was ill, he stayed at home.
Because of must be followed by a noun phrase; a full clause needs because alone.
'Because of' के बाद noun phrase आता है; पूरे clause के लिए केवल 'because' का प्रयोग होता है।
✗ Because the bus was late, so we missed the class.
✓ Because the bus was late, we missed the class.
Because and so both show cause and result; use only one of them in a sentence.
'Because' और 'so' दोनों कारण-परिणाम दिखाते हैं; एक वाक्य में इनमें से केवल एक का प्रयोग करें।
✗ The match was cancelled because the rain.
✓ The match was cancelled because of the rain.
A noun after the reason needs because of, not because.
कारण के रूप में केवल noun आए तो 'because of' लगता है, 'because' नहीं।
AaSpelling
be·cause
?Which word?
Keep the reason words: because, since, as, for, owing to, due to, on account of.
कारण के शब्द याद रखिए: because, since, as, for, owing to, due to, on account of।
§Grammar and usage
Because + clause ('because it rained'), but because of + noun ('because of the rain', not 'because the rain'); tautology trap: 'the reason is because' is wrong in formal English (say 'the reason is that'); avoid 'because ... so' in one sentence ('Because it rained, so we stayed' is wrong; use either because or so); a one-word answer 'Because' is fine in speech, but a sentence starting with because must have a main clause ('Because it rained, we stayed in').
यह बहुत पूछा जाता है: because + clause ('because it rained'), पर because of + noun ('because of the rain', 'because the rain' नहीं); tautology trap: औपचारिक English में 'the reason is because' गलत है ('the reason is that' कहें); एक वाक्य में 'because ... so' से बचें ('Because it rained, so we stayed' गलत है; because या so में से एक प्रयुक्त करें); बोलचाल में 'Why? Because...' ठीक है, पर because से शुरू होने वाले वाक्य में मुख्य उपवाक्य होना चाहिए ('Because it rained, we stayed in')।