discourage
/dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ/verb
उच्चारण डिस्करिज
हतोत्साहित करना
Core word
- 1
[T] ~ sb
to make somebody feel less confident or enthusiastic about something
हतोत्साहित करना
- One bad result should not discourage you.
- Harsh comments can discourage a child who is learning to read.
- Don't let the long syllabus discourage you.
+ 2 more examples
- Constant criticism can discourage new employees.
- The high cost of tickets may discourage some fans from attending.
Synonyms dishearten demoralize dispirit deject depress
- 2
[T] ~ sth | ~ sb from doing sth
to try to prevent something or to prevent somebody from doing something
रोकना, मना करना
- Parents should discourage children from smoking.
- The school fines students to discourage them from littering the campus.
- The government wants to discourage the use of plastic bags.
+ 2 more examples
- High parking charges discourage people from driving into the city centre.
- My father discouraged me from taking up a job so early.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
discourage + somebody from + gerund
Use this when you try to persuade a person not to do something. The verb after from is in the -ing form.
जब किसी को कोई काम न करने के लिए समझाना हो, तब 'discourage somebody from' के बाद -ing रूप आता है।
- Her parents discouraged her from travelling alone at night.
- High fees discourage many students from applying.
discourage + noun / gerund
Without a person, it means to try to prevent a thing or an habit. The object is a noun or a gerund.
व्यक्ति के बिना इसका अर्थ किसी बात या आदत को रोकने का प्रयास करना है; object संज्ञा या gerund होता है।
- The school discourages the use of mobile phones in class.
- Heavy taxes discourage smoking.
discourage + somebody (feel less confident)
This sense means to take away someone's confidence or hope, often with a failure or a harsh remark.
इस अर्थ में किसी का आत्मविश्वास या आशा कम करना होता है, प्रायः असफलता या कठोर टिप्पणी से।
- Don't let one bad result discourage you.
be discouraged by / at
The passive takes by for the cause. It is followed by a noun or gerund.
Passive में कारण बताने के लिए 'by' आता है, उसके बाद संज्ञा या gerund।
- She was discouraged by the long syllabus.
+Collocations 4
adverb + discourage
activelystronglygentlyopenlydeliberately
- The college actively discourages cheating.
discourage + noun
smokinginvestmentcompetitiontouriststhe practice
- High prices discourage tourists from visiting the fort.
factor + discourage
fear of failurecriticismcosta lack of facilitiesred tape
- Red tape discourages small traders from opening shops.
not to be discouraged
easilyby setbacksby failureby critics
- Radhika was not easily discouraged by failure.
“More examples 5
- The teacher never discouraged her students from asking questions.
शिक्षिका ने कभी अपने विद्यार्थियों को प्रश्न पूछने से नहीं रोका।
- The new rule is meant to discourage late arrival.
नया नियम देर से आने को हतोत्साहित करने के लिए है।
- Do not let your first failure in the SSC exam discourage you.
SSC परीक्षा में अपनी पहली असफलता को स्वयं को निराश न करने दें।
- Cold weather discouraged many people from going to the fair.
ठंडे मौसम ने कई लोगों को मेले में जाने से रोक दिया।
- Plastic bags are taxed in order to discourage their use.
प्लास्टिक की थैलियों के प्रयोग को हतोत्साहित करने के लिए उन पर कर लगाया जाता है।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ He discouraged me to join the army.
✓ He discouraged me from joining the army.
Discourage somebody takes from + gerund, not a to-infinitive.
'Discourage somebody' के बाद 'from + gerund' आता है, to-infinitive नहीं।
✗ Her parents discouraged her for studying abroad.
✓ Her parents discouraged her from studying abroad.
The correct preposition is from, not for.
सही preposition 'from' है, 'for' नहीं।
✗ Failure should not encourage you from trying again.
✓ Failure should not discourage you from trying again.
Encourage does not take from; the opposite meaning needs discourage.
'Encourage' के साथ 'from' नहीं आता; विपरीत अर्थ के लिए 'discourage' चाहिए।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
All of these try to stop an action, but they differ in force and in whether they work on feelings or on facts.
ये सभी किसी कार्य को रोकने का प्रयास हैं, पर बल में और इस बात में भिन्न हैं कि वे भावनाओं पर काम करते हैं या तथ्यों पर।
To lower someone's wish or confidence so that they do not act.
किसी की इच्छा या आत्मविश्वास घटाना ताकि वह कार्य न करे।
- High fees discourage applicants.
To make someone decide not to act, usually through fear of the result.
परिणाम के भय से किसी को कार्य न करने के लिए प्रेरित करना।
- Strict fines deter drivers from speeding.
To persuade someone, with reasons, not to do something.
तर्क देकर किसी को कोई काम न करने के लिए मनाना।
- We dissuaded him from leaving school.
◇Word family
≈Synonyms and antonyms
AaSpelling
dis·cour·age
?Which word?
Keep the pair: encourage (give confidence; support) and discourage (take away confidence; try to stop).
जोड़ी याद रखिए: encourage (आत्मविश्वास देना; समर्थन) और discourage (आत्मविश्वास छीनना; रोकने का प्रयास)।
Keep the stop words together: discourage, deter, dissuade, put off, talk sb out of.
रोकने के शब्द साथ याद रखिए: discourage, deter, dissuade, put off, talk sb out of।
§Grammar and usage
Discourage sb from doing sth ('discourage students from using phones', not 'to use').
यह बहुत पूछा जाता है: 'discourage sb from doing sth' ('discourage students from using phones', 'to use' नहीं)।