harmful
/ˈhɑːmfl/adjective
उच्चारण हार्म्फ़ल
हानिकारक, नुकसानदेह
Basic wordPYP · asked 11 times
Asked in previous papers
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~ (to sb/sth)
causing damage or injury to somebody or something
हानिकारक, नुकसानदेह
- Smoking is harmful to health.
- harmful chemicals
- Too much sun can be harmful to the skin.
+ 2 more examples
- Radhika avoids harmful habits like skipping meals.
- Harmful gases from the factory polluted the air.
Synonyms damaging injurious detrimental
Opposite harmless beneficial safe
§Structures (grammar patterns) 4
harmful to sb / sth
The usual preposition after harmful is to, naming what or who is damaged. Do not use for or on.
'Harmful' के बाद सामान्य preposition 'to' है, जो बताता है कि किसे हानि होती है। 'For' या 'on' का प्रयोग नहीं होता।
- Too much salt is harmful to the heart.
- Plastic bags are harmful to cattle.
harmful + effect / substance / habit
Before a noun, harmful describes things that cause damage, usually slowly.
Noun से पहले 'harmful' उन वस्तुओं का वर्णन करता है जो नुकसान पहुँचाती हैं, प्रायः धीरे-धीरे।
- Smoking has harmful effects on the lungs.
- Some food colours contain harmful chemicals.
it is harmful to-infinitive
Use to + verb to say which action is bad for health or safety.
कौन-सा कार्य स्वास्थ्य या सुरक्षा के लिए बुरा है, यह बताने के लिए to + verb का प्रयोग होता है।
- It is harmful to study with the phone beside you.
harmful vs harmless / not harmful
The opposite is harmless. The word unharmful is rare; prefer harmless or not harmful.
इसका विपरीतार्थक 'harmless' है। 'Unharmful' कम प्रचलित है; 'harmless' या 'not harmful' को वरीयता दें।
- Most garden snakes are harmless.
+Collocations 3
adverb + harmful
potentiallyextremelyseriouslyhighlymildly
- Some online apps are potentially harmful to children.
harmful + noun
bacteriagasraysside effectcontentimpact
- Doctors warned about the harmful side effect of the medicine.
verb + harmful
provebe consideredfindregard asturn out
- The additive was found harmful to health and banned.
“More examples 5
- The ozone layer protects us from the harmful rays of the sun.
ओज़ोन परत हमें सूर्य की हानिकारक किरणों से बचाती है।
- Chewing tobacco is harmful and has caused many cases of cancer.
तंबाकू चबाना हानिकारक है और इससे कैंसर के कई मामले हुए हैं।
- Sitting for long hours is harmful to your back.
लंबे समय तक बैठना आपकी पीठ के लिए हानिकारक है।
- Radhika deleted the harmful app from her phone.
राधिका ने अपने फ़ोन से हानिकारक ऐप हटा दिया।
- The new rule aims to stop harmful rumours on social media.
नए नियम का उद्देश्य सोशल मीडिया पर हानिकारक अफ़वाहों को रोकना है।
!Common mistakes 3
✗ Junk food is harmful for health.
✓ Junk food is harmful to health.
Harmful takes to; use for with beneficial or good instead.
'Harmful' के साथ 'to' आता है; 'for' beneficial या good जैसे शब्दों के साथ आता है।
✗ Smoking harms to the lungs.
✓ Smoking harms the lungs.
Harm is a transitive verb and takes no preposition before its object; the adjective harmful takes to.
'Harm' सकर्मक verb है और उसके object से पहले preposition नहीं आता; adjective 'harmful' के साथ 'to' आता है।
✗ These chemicals are very much harmfully.
✓ These chemicals are very harmful.
After the linking verb are, use the adjective harmful, not the adverb harmfully.
Linking verb 'are' के बाद adjective 'harmful' आता है, adverb 'harmfully' नहीं।
≠Thesaurus: which synonym when
Harmful, dangerous and poisonous all warn against damage, but they are not interchangeable.
Harmful, dangerous और poisonous तीनों हानि की चेतावनी देते हैं, पर एक-दूसरे के स्थान पर प्रयुक्त नहीं होते।
Likely to damage health or something valuable, often slowly.
स्वास्थ्य या मूल्यवान वस्तु को नुकसान पहुँचाने की संभावना, प्रायः धीरे-धीरे।
- Late nights are harmful to students.
Likely to cause serious injury or death quickly.
गंभीर चोट या मृत्यु शीघ्र पहुँचाने की संभावना।
- The bridge is dangerous after the flood.