history
/ˈhɪstri/noun
उच्चारण हिस्ट्री
इतिहास; अतीत
Basic word
- 1
[U, C]
all the events that happened in the past; the study of past events as a subject at school or university; the past events concerned in the development of a particular place, subject; a record of something that happened in the past
इतिहास; अतीत
- Indian history
- a history of violence
- She wants to study history at university.
+ 2 more examples
- The fort has a long and fascinating history.
- Our history teacher set a test on the Mughal period.
Synonyms the past antiquity chronicle record background
§Structures (grammar patterns) 5
history (uncountable) / a history of
History is uncountable for the subject; a history of something is a countable account of its past.
विषय के अर्थ में 'history' uncountable है; 'a history of' किसी वस्तु के अतीत का countable विवरण है।
- She teaches history at a school in Jaipur.
- He wrote a short history of the Indian railways.
a history of + noun / -ing
A history of means a record of repeated past events, often problems.
'A history of' का अर्थ बार-बार हुई पिछली घटनाओं का रिकॉर्ड है, प्रायः समस्याओं का।
- The patient has a history of asthma.
- The team has a history of winning close matches.
in history / throughout history / in the history of
Use these to place something within the whole span of the past.
किसी बात को संपूर्ण अतीत के बीच रखने के लिए इनका प्रयोग होता है।
- It was the worst flood in the history of the district.
- Throughout history, rivers have shaped cities.
history repeats itself / make history
Fixed expressions; make history means to do something important that will be remembered.
ये स्थिर वाक्यांश हैं; 'make history' का अर्थ कोई याद रखने योग्य महत्वपूर्ण कार्य करना है।
- Radhika's team made history by winning the national title.
- They say history repeats itself.
history + noun
As a modifier it names a subject or record: history teacher, history book, history paper.
Modifier के रूप में यह विषय या रिकॉर्ड बताता है: history teacher, history book, history paper।
- The history paper had five long questions.
+Collocations 5
adjective + history
ancientmodernrecentlongrichlocal
- India has a long and rich history.
verb + history
studyteachmakerewritego down in
- The match will go down in history as one of the closest finals.
history + of + noun
of artof scienceof medicineof the worldof India
- She is writing a project on the history of medicine.
medical / personal history
medical historyfamily historycriminal historywork historycase history
- The doctor asked about her family history of diabetes.
history + noun
lessonbookteacherexamproject
- The history lesson was about the Gupta period.
“More examples 5
- Most students find dates the hardest part of history.
अधिकांश विद्यार्थियों को इतिहास में तिथियाँ सबसे कठिन लगती हैं।
- The old library has a history that goes back two hundred years.
पुराने पुस्तकालय का इतिहास दो सौ वर्ष पीछे जाता है।
- Before prescribing the medicine, the doctor checked his medical history.
दवा लिखने से पहले डॉक्टर ने उसका चिकित्सा इतिहास देखा।
- Please clear your browsing history before returning the laptop.
लैपटॉप लौटाने से पहले कृपया अपनी browsing history साफ़ कर दें।
- The 1983 World Cup win is a proud moment in the history of Indian cricket.
1983 की विश्व कप जीत भारतीय क्रिकेट के इतिहास का एक गौरवपूर्ण क्षण है।
!Common mistakes 2
✗ I like to read histories.
✓ I like to read history.
When you mean the subject, history is uncountable and has no plural s.
विषय के अर्थ में 'history' uncountable है, इसलिए उसमें 's' नहीं लगता।
✗ She has a good knowledge about Indian history.
✓ She has a good knowledge of Indian history.
Knowledge is followed by of, not about.
'Knowledge' के बाद 'of' आता है, 'about' नहीं।
¶Idioms 3
be history
(informal) to be dead or no longer important
ख़त्म हो जाना, बीती बात हो जाना
- One more mistake and you're history!
- That old phone is history now.
go down in history
to be remembered for a long time because of sth important
इतिहास में दर्ज हो जाना
- This match will go down in history.
- She went down in history as a great leader.
be ancient history
(informal) to be sth that happened long ago and is no longer important
पुरानी बात होना, बीती हुई बात होना
- Our quarrel is ancient history now.
- That rule is ancient history.
◇Word family
?Which word?
Keep apart, asked very often: historic (very important in history: 'a historic decision', 'a historic moment') and historical (connected with the past or with the study of history: 'historical records', 'a historical novel').
इन्हें अलग रखिए, यह बहुत पूछा जाता है: historic (इतिहास में बहुत महत्वपूर्ण, ऐतिहासिक महत्व का: 'a historic decision', 'a historic moment') और historical (अतीत या इतिहास के अध्ययन से संबंधित: 'historical records', 'a historical novel')।
§Grammar and usage
'a historic' or 'an historic' are both seen, but 'a historic' is more common now.
'a historic' और 'an historic' दोनों दिखते हैं, पर अब 'a historic' अधिक आम है।
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
History repeats itself, make history (do something important that will be remembered), the rest is history (what happened next is well known), go down in history.
Idioms: history repeats itself (इतिहास स्वयं को दोहराता है), make history (याद रखा जाने वाला महत्वपूर्ण काम करना, इतिहास रचना), the rest is history (आगे क्या हुआ सब जानते हैं), go down in history।
✓In the exam
One-word substitution
A person who studies history is a historian; a person who writes about events year by year a chronicler; the time before written records prehistory.
इतिहास का अध्ययन करने वाला historian (इतिहासकार); वर्ष-दर-वर्ष घटनाएँ लिखने वाला chronicler; लिखित अभिलेखों से पहले का समय prehistory (प्रागैतिहास)।