shaft
/ʃɑːft/noun
उच्चारण शाफ़्ट
(खान, लिफ़्ट का) संकरा मार्ग, शाफ़्ट
Core wordPYP · asked 2 times
Asked in previous papers
as one-word substitution
- 1
[C]
a long narrow, usually vertical, passage in a building or underground, used especially for a lift or as a way of allowing air in or out
(खान, लिफ़्ट का) संकरा मार्ग, शाफ़्ट
- a mine shaft
- a lift shaft
- The miners were lowered into the shaft in a cage.
+ 2 more examples
- A ventilation shaft carries air to the lower floors.
- The lift shaft was blocked by fallen debris.
- 2
[C]
the long narrow part of an arrow, a spear or a tool
(तीर, भाले, औज़ार का) दंड, डंडा
- the shaft of an arrow
- The shaft of the spear was made of strong bamboo.
- The arrow's shaft was made of cane.
+ 2 more examples
- He gripped the shaft of the axe with both hands.
- The golf club has a long graphite shaft.
- 3
[C]
a metal bar that joins parts of a machine or an engine together, enabling power and movement to be passed from one part to another
(मशीन का) धुरा, शाफ़्ट
- a drive shaft
- The mechanic replaced the broken shaft in the engine.
- A broken shaft stopped the machine.
+ 2 more examples
- The drive shaft passes power from the engine to the wheels.
- The engineer oiled the shaft before restarting the pump.
- 4
[C] ~ of light, sunlight, etc. literary
a narrow strip of light
(प्रकाश की) किरण, रेखा
- a shaft of sunlight through the window
- A shaft of light fell through the crack in the roof.
- A shaft of moonlight lit up the room.
+ 2 more examples
- Sunlight came down in shafts through the trees.
- A narrow shaft of light fell across the floor.
- 5
[C] ~ (of sth)
a remark that is intended to upset or hurt somebody, or to be funny
व्यंग्य-बाण, ताना
- a shaft of wit
- She aimed a shaft of sarcasm at her rival.
- Her speech was full of shafts of humour.
+ 2 more examples
- He answered with a sharp shaft of wit.
- The critic launched a shaft of sarcasm at the new film.
§Structures (grammar patterns) 5
a shaft of light / sunlight
A shaft of light is a narrow beam; light stays uncountable and singular in the phrase.
'A shaft of light' प्रकाश की पतली किरण है; इस वाक्यांश में light uncountable और singular रहता है।
- A shaft of light came through the crack in the roof.
- A shaft of sunlight fell on her book.
shaft + noun (mine / lift / ventilation)
Shaft goes before another noun to name a vertical passage in a building or mine.
'Shaft' दूसरे noun से पहले आकर भवन या खान के सीधे रास्ते का नाम बताता है।
- The lift shaft was blocked.
- Workers went down the mine shaft.
shaft of wit / criticism
Shaft of is used for a sharp remark, usually clever or hurtful.
'Shaft of' तीखी टिप्पणी के लिए आता है, जो प्रायः चतुर या चुभने वाली होती है।
- A shaft of wit made the whole class laugh.
the shaft of an arrow / tool / engine
Use shaft for the long straight part of an object or the bar that passes power.
किसी वस्तु के लंबे सीधे भाग या शक्ति पहुँचाने वाली छड़ के लिए 'shaft' आता है।
- The shaft of the arrow was made of bamboo.
- A broken drive shaft stopped the truck.
shaft of + feeling (figurative)
A shaft of pain or fear means a sudden sharp feeling.
'A shaft of pain' या 'fear' का अर्थ अचानक तीखी अनुभूति है।
- A shaft of pain ran through his leg.
+Collocations 4
shaft + of
lightsunlightmoonlightwitlightning
- A shaft of moonlight lit the courtyard.
noun + shaft
mineliftventilationdriveair
- The ventilation shaft carried fresh air below.
verb + shaft
fall downsinkblockclimb upinspect
- The workers sank a deep shaft near the river.
adjective + shaft
narrowdeepverticalbrokensteel
- The rescue team went down the deep shaft.
“More examples 6
- The rescue team lowered a rope down the shaft.
बचाव दल ने शाफ़्ट के भीतर रस्सी नीचे उतारी।
- Radhika studied in a shaft of sunlight near the window.
राधिका ने खिड़की के पास धूप की एक किरण में पढ़ाई की।
- The mechanic replaced the broken shaft of the pump.
मिस्त्री ने पंप की टूटी शाफ़्ट बदल दी।
- A single shaft of light fell on the stage.
मंच पर प्रकाश की एक ही किरण पड़ी।
- The fire spread quickly through the lift shaft.
आग लिफ़्ट के शाफ़्ट से तेज़ी से फैल गई।
- A shaft of lightning split the night sky.
बिजली की एक लकीर ने रात का आकाश चीर दिया।
!Common mistakes 2
✗ A shaft of lights came through the window.
✓ A shaft of light came through the window.
Light is uncountable in this phrase and takes no s.
इस वाक्यांश में 'light' uncountable है और इसमें 's' नहीं लगता।
✗ The miners were trapped in the shaft since morning.
✓ The miners had been trapped in the shaft since morning.
Since with an ongoing past situation needs the perfect form, not the simple past.
'Since' के साथ जारी स्थिति बताने को perfect रूप आता है, simple past नहीं।
≈Synonyms and antonyms
?Which word?
Keep the light words together: shaft (narrow strip), beam (line of light), ray (a narrow line from the sun), gleam.
प्रकाश के शब्द साथ याद रखिए: shaft (संकरी पट्टी), beam (प्रकाश की रेखा), ray (सूर्य से संकरी रेखा), gleam।
“Collocations, idioms and sayings
A mine shaft, a lift shaft, a shaft of light, a shaft of wit.
Collocations: a mine shaft (खदान का गहरा रास्ता), a lift shaft (लिफ्ट का खाली स्थान), a shaft of light (रोशनी की पतली किरण), a shaft of wit (चुटीली बात)।
✓In the exam
One-word substitution
A vertical passage leading down into a mine is a shaft; a horizontal one a tunnel or adit.
खान में नीचे जाने वाला ऊर्ध्वाधर मार्ग shaft; क्षैतिज tunnel या adit।